Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/228

Lau no clue ( κραιπνός, ‘swift,’ is not allied to  hlaupan, which may be preferably compared with  klupti, ‘to stumble’). The root hlaup has a collateral form hlŭp, by gradation hlŏp ( and   geloffen, ), of which a variant hlaubt appears in Swiss lôpen, ‘to run’ (,  hoppen). ,, , from the   and  louft, , ‘course (of time),’ (  löufte, ‘conjunctures’).  ,, ‘lye,’ from the  louge,  louga, ; corresponding to  lôge,  loog,  leáh, and the   lye. In laug,, means ‘warm bath’ (preserved in  in numerous proper names, and signifying ‘hot spring’). Perhaps this word for ‘warm bath’ is connected with the Aryan root, low, lu, ‘to bathe’ (  lavâre), like the   lut, of which an extended Aryan luk,  to  luh, ‘to wash,’ may appear in  luhhen, ‘to wash,’  lichen, North  and Henneberg lüen, ‘to rinse washed linen.’ The  word occurs in the  languages as lug, ‘lye.’   ,, ‘to contradict, deny,’ from the  löugenen, lougenen, lougen,  louginen, lougnen,  ; corresponding to  lôgnian,  lêhnan, lŷgnan,  laugnjan,  , ‘to deny’;  leyna, ‘to conceal’ ( galaugnjan, ‘to be concealed’), with the loss of a g before the n. A common   with the meaning ‘to deny’; it is a derivative of an  noun lougna,, ‘denial’ ( laun), which is formed by gradation from the stem of  (root lug). .   ,, ‘humour, freak,’ from lûne, , ‘humour, mood’; the  word also signifies ‘phase of the moon, quarter of the moon, change of fortune.’ This series of meanings shows that the word is based on  lûna, and that the astrology of the Middle Ages in its attempt to read the fortunes of men by the stars determined the different significations. luna, les lunes,  lunatic, lunacy, lune, all referring to mental states, give evidence of the belief that the moon influenced the moods of men.   ,, ‘louse,’ from the , , and  lûs, ; corresponding to  lûs,  louse,  lús ( lýss),  luis, ‘louse.’ The word is common to , occurring evelywhere  in the same sense. The usual derivation of from the stem of, , ,  (root lus), although supported by the analogy of  φθείρ, ‘louse,’ from φθείρω, is dubious, since  verliesen ( ‘to lose’) does not occur at an early period in the sense of ‘to spoil.’ Neither is the derivation from the  root lū̆t, ‘to hide oneself’ ( lûȥȥên, see ), certain.  ,, from the  (rare) and  lûschen,  , ‘to listen, lurk’; the meaning points to the oft-recurring  stem hlū̆s, ‘to hear,’ so that *hlûskan for *hlûs-skai-, with a derivative sk-, may be assumed. hlosên, losen, ‘to listen to, hearken,’  hlus-t, ‘ear.’  has preserved the cognates in  hlyst,, ‘hearing,’ hlystan, ‘to listen or hearken to,’  to list, listen;  lûs-trên,  lū̆stren,  and  , ‘to hearken,’  lusemen, lüsenen, ‘to hearken.’ The  verbal stem hlus, authenticated by this group, from pre- klus, has cognate terms in  and ;  crušṭís, , ‘hearing, obedience’;  slyšati, ‘to hear,’ sluchŭ, , ‘hearing,’  klausà, , ‘obedience,’ paklùsti, ‘to obey,’ klausýti, ‘to hear.’ To this root klus, ‘to hear,’ a shortened form klu is allied;   and. also seems to be connected in a subsidiary manner with lôschen,  lôscên, ‘to be hidden, concealed.’   luuschen, ‘to be concealed,’ allied to the   lûȥȥên (, ‘to lie in ambush,’ still exists). ,, ‘loud,’ from the  and  lût (for an earlier hlût,  *hlûda-); a common   (  luid,  hlûd,  loud), which, like , , , , , , , , , , was  an old  in to ( tus,  τος,  tas). The meaning of *klû-dâ-s, pre- klû-tó-s, from the root klū̆, ‘to hear,’ is ‘audible, heard.’ Another shade of meaning was assumed by the Aryan  in the cognate languages —  çrutás,  κλυτός,  inclŭtus, ‘famous.’ In  also there are traces of the short vowel (hlŭda-), especially in proper names,, , , , &c. Moreover, the root klū̆ ( κλύω, ‘I hear,’ κλέος, ‘fame’; çrávas, ‘fame’;  sluti, ‘to be called,’ slovo for *slevo, ‘word’;  cluo, clueo, ‘to hear oneself