Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/220

Kuh  form kuol- in compounds such as kuolhûs,, ‘cooling-house,’ and in the kuole ;  chuoli, , ‘cool’ (*chuolo, ). It corresponds to kôl,  koel,  côl,  cool. In the form of kôli- ( kôlu-) the is common to West ; the   is the old  form from the stem of, from which in  (kala) and  (calan)   are formed; the further cognates  chill,  čęle, čyle, ‘cold,’ are based on a  *kali- (  *kals). .   ,, ‘bold, daring,’ from küen, küene,  chuoni, ‘bold, eager for combat, strong’;  the non-mutated variant in the  and  derivative kuonheit, ‘boldness,’ and in the   chuono. It corresponds to koene,  koen,  cêne, ‘bold,’  keen (the  is obsolete in  and );  kœ́nn, ‘wise, experienced.’ The latter must at one time have been the prevalent sense in West  also, as is proved by the  proper name ;  and  Kuonrât (without mutation, like  and  kuonheit),  Cênrêd ( *Kônirêþs), may have meant ‘giving wise advice.’  kôn-i- ( ‘one that can understand, sensible’) is  a verbal  from the , , hence the West  sense ‘bold,’ compared with the  meaning, must be regarded as derivative. All intellectual and moral conceptions of the period are related more or less to war and conflict (, , and ).   ,, see.   ,, ‘cummin, caraway seeds,’ from the  kümel,  chumil, , with the variants  kümin,  chumī̆n;   cymen,  komijn,  kömen; from  and  cŭmînum. The change of n into l is the same as in (in  still kümi, kümich). With regard to the period of the adoption of words relating to horticulture and the art of cookery, , , , , &c.   ,, ‘grief, sorrow, distress,’ from kumber, , ‘rubbish, refuse (thus still ), encumbering, oppression, distress, grief’;  mm, from  mb, as in , , and. The word is wanting in all the ;   kommer,, ‘grief, affliction; hare's dung’;  combren,  ‘to encumber, molest,’  to cumber. The cognates are very similar in sound to a class —  décombres, ‘rubbish,’  comoro, combro, ‘mound of earth, hillock,’  ingombro, ‘hindrance,’  encombrer, ‘to obstruct (with rubbish), block up’;  combrus, ‘mound of earth, barrier of felled trees, obstructing pile.’ The  cognates seem to have passed into ; for, besides the more recent form with r, we find in  and  a variant with l,  kumbl, ‘tumulus, barrow.’   ,, ‘horse-collar,’ from the  komat, ; borrowed in the  period from  (  chomątŭ,  chomąt); hence not diffused beyond the  group. The cognates of  chomątu are derived from ;   and  hame,  haam,  ham, Rhine  hamen, hammen, ‘horse-collar.’   ,, ‘companion, mate,’ from kumpân, kompân, , ‘comrade, associate’; the latter is derived from   compaing, ‘companion, partner.’  companio,  ‘one who shares the same food,’ is based on  expressions such as  gahlaiba,  gileibo, , ‘associate, comrade,’ and the   gimaȥȥo, from maȥ, , ‘food’; see.   ', ',, ‘preserves, heap of rubbish or dung,’ from kumpost, also kumpóst, , ‘preserves,’  ‘pickled cabbage,’ from  ( compósto). <section end="Kumpest" /> <section begin="Kumpf" /> ,, ‘basin, bowl,’ from kumpf, , ‘vessel’;   kump. A cumpus as the source of the  word does not exist;  cumba, cumbus, have too no such meaning as, hence they cannot be adduced to explain the   , ‘deep bowl.’  and  are more probably genuine  words, and allied to  cumb and the   coomb. <section end="Kumpf" /> <section begin="Künchel" /> , see. <section end="Künchel" /> ,, ‘known, manifest,’ from kunt(d),  chund, , ‘become acquainted, noted, known.’ It corresponds to  kunþs, ‘noted,’  cûth,  cûþ, ‘noted,’  couth (now only in the compound uncouth). A common  in the form kunþa-, from the non-permutated gń-to-, which is  a  in to- from the verbal stem of the root gō̆n, gnô, discussed under, ,