Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/212

Kot ,, ‘to vomit,’ first occurs in early ; of uncertain derivation.  ,, ‘crab,’ borrowed, like most words with medial bb, from ;  krabbe,  krab,  crabba,  crab,  krabbi; the strictly , i.e. permutated, form , appears in the 16th , yet the word was native only to the maritime Teutons. is from a cognate stem, but κάραβος,  carabus, ‘sea-crab,’ are neither  allied, nor are they the forms from which the  words were borrowed. crabe, ‘crabfish,’ is most closely connected with the and with the  word.  ,, ‘to crawl,’ with permutation, in contrast to  krappeln, of which the variant krabelen occurs, whence also earlier. The form with a double labial may be due to its being popularly connected with, for in  also a simple form is found without this double labial,  krafla, ‘to scratch with the nails,’ and krafsa, ‘to shuffle with the feet.’  grabble, grapple, grab are connected with  and  grabbeln. ,, ‘to crack, crash, break,’ from the  krachen,  chrahhôn;   kraken, ‘to crack (nuts, &c.), burst, crack, crackle,’  cracian,  to crack;  *krakôn is wanting. cearcian, ‘to crack’ ( *karkôn), is worthy of note; respecting the apparent transposition of the r,  and,  and. root krk from grg;  gṛg, garj, ‘to rustle, crackle.’ —  ,, from the  krach,  chrah, ‘crack, crash.’   ,, ‘to croak,’ only, a  of ; in  krochzen,  chrocchezan, ‘to croak,’ which is related by gradation to the stem of. From cracian, cracettan was formed, like , from.   ,, ‘sorry nag,’ only, of obscure origin. Perhaps akin to kraak,  caraque, ‘clumsily built merchant ship’?.   ,, ‘strength,’ from kraft,  chraft, , ‘strength, power, force of an army, multitude, abundance’;   craft,  and ,  kracht;  crœft, , with the  meanings, also ‘mental capacity, art, science,’ hence  craft (the corresponding crafty shows prominently the last specialisation of meaning within the mental sphere);   kraptr, , ‘strength,’  krœfr, ‘strong,’ exhibits the stem without the dental suffix; yet  krefja, ‘to beg, demand, challenge,’ as well as  crafian,  to crave, seems, on account of its meaning, not to be connected with the. No certain cognates are found in the non- languages.  , ‘in virtue of,’    of the preceding word, originally combined with the preps. or. kraft, with the of a noun, is often simply a pleonasm for the noun itself — hôher wunne kraft for hôhiu wunne, ‘great bliss’; ûȥ zornes kraft, ‘in anger.’  ,, ‘collar,’ from krage, , ‘neck’ (of men and animals), also ‘nape,’ then further, ‘article worn round the neck, collar’; wanting in , , , and   crawe,  craw, ‘crop’ (of birds), point to  *craga;  variant crag, ‘neck, nape,’  also ‘crop’;  kragi, , ‘collar,’ is of  origin. kraga,, ‘neck, throat,’ is wanting. Further references are uncertain; βρόγχος, ‘windpipe,’ may be allied, since its initial β may represent g (grogho-, grongho-);  also βρόχθος, ‘gullet, throat.’  krage is also used personally as an abusive term, ‘fool’; hence , ‘niggard.’   ,, ‘crow,’ from the  krœ̂e (rare),  (usually krâ and krâwe, ),  chrâia, chrâwa, and chrâ, ;   kraai,  krâia, ,  crâwe, ,  crow; a West  word allied to , which was  a. The term kráka,, ‘crow,’ cannot be immediately connected with the cognates adduced; it is only very remotely allied.   ,, ‘to crow,’ from the  krœ̂n, krœ̂jen ( krâte),  chrâen, ; corresponding to  crâwan ( creów),  to crow, and the   kraaijen; a specifically West  , in  hrûkjan. That it was not used of the cock alone is attested by the etymology of, and also by the compounds,  hanachrât,  hanocrâd,  hancrêd, ‘cock-crow, crowing.’ The  stem. krê-, krêw may be connected with grąja, grajati, ‘to croak,’ and  gróju, gróti, ‘to croak.’ <section end="krähen" /> <section begin="Krahn" /> ,, ‘crane’ (machine), only, formed from  and ;  identical with , of which it is a shorter form; see. γέρανος<section end="Krahn" />