Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/188

Kar rowed from like  and  in ;  karbacz,  karabáč (from Turk. kęrbač).   ', ',, ‘caraway,’ from the  karwe and karne, ; allied to  and  carvi, ‘caraway.’ The usual assumption that this word as well as  caraway is based on  careum ( κάρον), ‘caraway,’ is not quite satisfactory, hence the influence of  al-karavîa is assumed.   ,, ‘dray,’ from the  karrech, karrich,  charrū̆k (hh),. Probably current even in the 8th on the  and  Rhine, as may be inferred from the initial h, ch. It is based upon the late carruca, ‘honoratorum vehiculum opertum, four wheeled travelling car’ (a derivative of carrus;  );  charrue, ‘plough,’ is likewise based upon  carrûca, which also signifies ‘plough’ in.   ,, ‘fuller's thistle,’ from karte, ,  charta, , ‘teasel, the instrument made from the thistle and used by cloth-weavers for carding wool.’ The final source is  cardus, carduus, ‘thistle’ ( chardon,  cardo), the d of the  word compared with the t of  and  is due to the word, which was naturalised about the 7th , being based anew on the  form. —   ', ',, ‘carder's comb’; a derivative of.   ,, ‘Good Friday,’ from the  karvrîtac, mostly kartac, ; , ‘Passion Week,’ is also current even in. The first part of the compound is chara,, ‘lamentation. mourning’ (charasang, ‘elegy’). This word for, ‘lament,’ as distinguished from the other synonyms, signifies properly the silent, inward mourning, not the loud wailing, for in  the cognate kara, , means ‘care,’  cearu, , ‘care, suffering, grief,’  care. A corresponding signifying ‘to sigh’ is preserved in  quëran ( *qaíran). Other derivatives of the root kar, qer, are wanting. See also.   ,, ‘carbuncle,’ from karbunkel, , with the variant karfunkel, probably based on  vunke,  ; b is the original sound, for the word is based upon  carbunculus (  carbuncle,  escarboucle).   ,, ‘sparing, niggardly,’ from karc (g), ‘prudent, cunning, sly,  stingy’; in  charag, ‘sad’; a derivative of the  kara, ‘care,’ discussed under. From the primary meaning ‘anxious,’ the three significations ‘sad,’ ‘frugal,’ and ‘cunning’ might be derived;  čearig, ‘sad,’ and  chary, allied to  care. The syncope of the vowel in karc compared with  charag is normal after r. <section end="Karg" /> <section begin="Karpfen" /> ,, ‘carp,’ from the  karpfe,  charpho, ;   carp; allied to  karfe. It cannot be decided whether is a real  word; probably  carpo,  carpe, and  carpione are derived from. In too there are cognate terms for ‘carp,’  carp;  also  karpŭ, koropŭ,  krap,  kárpa, ‘carp.’ <section end="Karpfen" /> <section begin="Karre" /> ',, ', , from the  karre,  and ,  charra, , charro, , ‘cart’; the  words and also the  car ( kerra) are based on  carrus, , carra, , and their Rum. derivatives ( char, ‘car’). carrus, ‘four-wheeled transport waggon,’ is again of origin ( carr,  karr); ,. — ', ',, , , ‘jaunting car,’ simply from  carriole. — ,, ‘carter.’ <section end="Karre" /> <section begin="Karst" /> ,, ‘hoe,’ from the  karst, ,  and  carst; the word is not found in other groups. The etymology is dubious; allied to (karjan), ‘to sweep’?. <section end="Karst" /> <section begin="Kartaune" /> ', ',, ‘short, heavy cannon,’ from quartana,  quartâna; this term, as well as its earlier  version , signifies a gun “which fired 25 lbs., in comparison with the heaviest piece of artillery firing 100 lbs.” <section end="Kartaune" /> <section begin="Karte" /> ,, ‘card, chart, map,’ from late karte, ; formed from  carte. <section end="Karte" /> <section begin="Karthause" /> ', ',, ‘Carthusian monastery,’ from late kartûse, , which is again derived from Cartûsía, Chartreuse (near Grenoble, where the Carthusian order was founded in 1084 A.D.). — , ‘Carthusian friar,’ from karthûser, karthiuser. <section end="Karthause" /> <section begin="Kartoffel" /> ,, ‘potato,’ derived by a process of differentiation from the earlier form. Potatoes were introduced into Germany about the middle of the 18th from Italy, as is proved by the  name (  tartufo, tartufolo; see ). Another name, , <section end="Kartoffel" />