Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/185

Kam The term became current in the Middle Ages through medical science, which was learnt from the Greeks.   ,, ‘chimney, fireplace, fireside,’ from kámîn, kę́mîn; the  accentuation, which differs from the , is due to the word being based anew on  camînus, while the latter is due to a German version of the foreign word. chimney is cheminée, ‘chimney, fireplace,’ which is phonetically cognate with  caminata,  ‘room with a stove or fireplace,’ and hence with  kęminâte (γυναικεῖον); allied also to Czech,, and  komnata, ‘room.’   ,, ‘waistcoat, jacket,’ simply formed like the  camisole, ‘under-vest’ (allied to  camisia, ‘shirt’; see ).   ,, ‘comb,’ from the  kam (mm), kamp (b); it signifies ‘comb’ in the widest sense;  chamb;   comb,  comb (also  hunigcomb,  honeycomb?),  *kambs. The term is undoubtedly ; our ancestors attached great importance to dressing their hair. The meaning of the word is ‘instrument with teeth,’ for in the allied Aryan languages the meaning ‘tooth’ obtains in the cognate words. chamb is based upon pre- gombho-;  γομφίος, ‘molar tooth,’ γαμφηλαί, γαμφαί, ‘jaws, beak’;  jambha,, ‘tusk’ (plural ‘bit’), jambhya, , ‘incisor,’  ząbŭ, ‘tooth’  γόμφος, ‘plug, bolt,’ points to a wider development of meaning. —   ,, ‘to comb, card (wool),’ is a verbal noun; kęmmen,  chemben, chęmpen;  cęmban. In the term  is current,  too being the word for ‘comb.’   ,, ‘‘chamber, office,’ fro kamer, kamere, , with the general meaning ‘sleeping apartment, treasury, storeroom, money-chest, royal dwelling, justice chamber,’ &c.;  chamara, , ‘apartment, palace.’  chamber, from  chambre; but the  word is based upon a  word ( and ) camara, ‘room’ ( camera), which again is derived from καμάρα, ‘any enclosed space with a vaulted roof, a term restricted to the more civilised classes in the Middle Ages and current in the  and  groups;  further  camra,  komora. The numerous meanings in are  also indicated by the  derivatives and compound terms, , and.   ,, ‘cambric,’ manufactured first at Cambray ( Kamerijk); corresponding to kamerijksdock.   ,, a word,    kamp; from  campus?. , however, has a special sense, ‘enclosed piece of ground, field.’ <section end="Kamp" /> <section begin="Kämpe" /> ,, ‘combatant, wrestler,’ first introduced into literary by the study of the  languages, yet the special history of the word is not known. The form Indicates a origin;   kęmpio, ‘combatant, warrior.’ Perhaps it was  a legal term of the Saxon Code. See. <section end="Kämpe" /> <section begin="Kampf" /> ,, ‘combat,’ from kampf,  and , ‘combat, duel, tilting’;  champf, ,  camp, comp;  kapp,. The word is interesting, because it signifies  ‘zeal, emulation,’ which is the  meaning of  (  has gone through a similar development of meaning). Hence there is no probability in the assumption that *kampa- is derived from  campus, thus connecting it with Campus Martius. This older assumption receives no support from phonetic laws, for kamp does not look unlike a word, while the meaning of the  word makes it impossible. We should consider, too, whether the old Teutons, with their numerous terms relating to war, had any need of borrowing such a word. Some connect kampo- with  jañg, ‘to fight.’ , and , ,  ‘combatant,’ is  kęmpfe,  chęmphio, ‘wrestler, duellist’;  cęmpa, and  kappe signify ‘warrior, hero’; this term, denoting the agent, passed into  (  champion, whence also  champion). <section end="Kampf" /> <section begin="Kampfer" /> ,, ‘camphor,’ from kampfer, gaffer, , from  camphora, cafura ( camphre;  canfora and cafura,  καφουρά); the latter terms derived finally from  karpûra, kapûr, or from  kôpher, ‘pitch, resin.’ <section end="Kampfer" /> <section begin="Kanel" /> ,, ‘cinnamon bark,’ accented on the termination, from kanêl, ‘stick or cane of cinnamon’; the word was borrowed in the  period from  canelle, cannelle, ‘cinnamon bark,’ which is a  of  canne ( canna) ‘cane,’  canella, ‘tube.’

<section end="Kanel" />