Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/168

Her hearra it found is way at a very early period (about the 9th ) from the German lowlands to England, and later to Scandinavia ( herre, ‘master’). In only a   has been formed from  (as in  signora from signore). The older language used, having supplanted the earlier frô (see under ).  , (with shortened ê before a double consonant, as in the two following words, probably due to its association with ), ‘lordly, splendid, magnificent,’ from  and  hêrlich,, ‘distinguished, excellent, magnificent.’ Allied to.  ,, ‘lordship, dominion, master and mistress, employers (as used by servants),’ from hêrschaft, ,  hêrscaft, hêrscaf, ,  ‘lordship,’ then ‘high rank, manor, magistracy.’ Allied to , but probably not to.  ,, from hersen, hêrsen,  hêrisôn, ‘to rule, reign,’ but also hêrrisôn even in , from its association with hêrro, ‘lord’ (for  sch after r from an older s,  , ). The origin of the meaning ‘to rule’ cannot be explained from the posit. , hêr, ‘august, exalted, venerable, glad,’ but from the originally  hêrro, ‘lord.’ Thus  hêrisôn, ‘to be lord and master, dominari,’ is related to hêrro, hêriro, ‘lord,’ as  *hairiza  is to *hairisôn,.  ,, ‘heart,’ from the  hërze,  hërza, ;   hęrta,  hjarta,  haírtô,  heorte, and the   heart; the common  word for ‘heart,’ which may be traced back even to West Aryan. The type hertôn-, from Aryan kerd (kṛd), corresponds to  cor, cor-dis,,  καρδία and κῇρ for *κῆρδ, ,  szirdìs, ,  srŭdĭce, ,  cride. The corresponding East Aryan word for ‘heart’ ( hṛd, hṛdaya, Zend zaredaya), is usually dissociated on account of the initial sound (we should have expected *çṛd) from the West Aryan class.   ,, ‘duke,’ from the  hęrzoge,  hęrizogo (-zoho), ;   hęritogo,  hęretoga, ,  hertoge, ; a common  term for ‘the leader of an army,’ in which zoho, zogo, allied to ziohan (as togo to tiuhan), has the old meaning ‘leader.’.  , ‘to infuriate, provoke, chase, hunt,’ from  and  hętzen, ‘to chase, hunt, incite’; by permutation from *hatjan;. The, , is merely a  formation from the.  ,, ‘hay,’ from höu, hou, houwe, , ‘hay, grass,’  hęwi, houwi (  hęwi,  houwes,  houwe), , ‘hay.’   hawi ( haujis), , ‘hay, grass’ (with regard to the change of  j into  w and the consequent absence of mutation, see , , , &c.; in earlier  the unmutated form  is still retained);  houwi,  hêg, hîg (with g for  j as usual), ,  hei,  hay,  hey, , ‘hay’; common  hauja- (in the  stem). Apparently from the root hau (see ), with the suffix -ja-,, meaning ‘that which is to be cut.’ There is less probability of its being connected with πόα ( ποίην), ‘grass,’ from ποβίη, κβοξίη ( h equal to  τ for κε, both from Aryan k, as in ἵππος, equal to  equus,  ἕκεσθαι, equal to  sequi).  ,, ‘to feign, dissemble,’ only,  a  word (the corresponding  word is ), allied to an early  , ‘to duck, stoop,’ from  hûchen, ‘to crouch’;  the further cognates under. The variation of meaning ‘to stoop, dissemble,’ is exhibited in an root lut,  lûtan, ‘to bend, bow,’ to which lot, ‘deceit,’ and  liuta, ‘hypocrite,’ are allied. ,, from the  hiure,  hiuru, , ‘in this year’; derived from hiu jâru (see ), the chief accent being placed on the. Respecting hiu see, in which the component parts are equally obscure. ,, ‘to howl, yell, scream,’ from hiulen, hiuweln, ‘to howl, cry,  hiuwilôn, hiwilôn, ‘to shout for joy.’ Also allied to  hûwila, hiuwila,  hiuwel, , ‘owl’ (as ‘the howling bird’), and hence more remotely to  hûwo, , ‘owl.’  ,, from the  höuschrëcke, ,  hęwi-skrëkko, , ‘grasshopper,’  ‘hay-jumper’ (see ). A distinctly term;   sprinkhaan,  gœrs-hoppa,  to  grasshopper,  also gœrs-stapa, ‘grass-stalker.’ In  occurs an obscure term þramstei,  (whence  chrąstŭ, ‘beetle’). 