Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/167

Her har-m,  hear-m,, ‘painful, mortifying, bitter’?. See.  , (with ĕ as in, allied to ), ‘shelter, quarters, inn,’ from  hęrbërge, ;  ‘a sheltering place for the army’ (rare in ), most frequently ‘lodging-house for strangers,’ also ‘dwelling’ generally. hęri-bërga, ‘camp, castra,’ then also ‘hospitium, tabernaculum.’ hereberge, ‘hospitium,’  harbour;  herberge,, ‘inn, lodging, room, chamber.’ The compound, in its later form, seems to have been adopted from  by the other  languages, and also by ;  auberge,  albergo;  preserves the older meaning ‘camp.’  ,.   ,, ‘autumn, harvest,’ from the  hęrbest,  hęrbist, ;   hervest,  herfst,  hœrfest, , and the   harvest; a common West  word, archaic in form (whether  haust, , ‘autumn,’  and  höst, are identical with  is still very dubious). Hence the statement of Tacitus (Germ. 26) — ‘(Germani) autumni parinde nomen ac bona ignorantur,’ can scarcely be accepted. It is true that in  is almost entirely restricted to ‘the fruit season,’  ‘the vintage’ (the season itselt is  called,  ). This coincides with the fact that is connected with an obsolete  root harb, from Aryan karp ( carpere, καρπός, ‘fruit’), ‘to gather fruit,’ which perhaps appears also in  kerpù (kìrpti), ‘to shear.’ In  the term is asans (‘season for work, for tillage’;  ).   ,, ‘hearth, fireplace, crater,’ from hërt (-des), , ‘ground, earth, fireplace, hearth,’  hërd, , hërda, , ‘ground, hearth.’ This double sense is wanting in the other West  languages,  heerd, haard, , ‘hearth,’  herth,  heorþ,  hearth, The meaning of herþa- ( *haírþs), ‘hearth,’ is West , while ‘ground’ is simply ; it is not improbable that two  different words have been combined (  hjarl, ‘ground, land’?). , ‘hearth,’ with haúri,, ‘charcoal’ ( haurja, ‘fire’),  hyrr, , ‘fire,’ may be connected with a  root hĕr, ‘to burn’ (  crĕ-mare).   ,, ‘herd, flock, drove,’ from the  hërte, hërt,  hërta, ; the common  word for ‘herd’;   herde (obsolete, see ; kudde, , is used instead, see ),  heord, ,  herd,  hjǫrð, ,  haírda, , ‘herd.’ The  type herdô (the d of the  form, compared with  t, is due to  influence), from pre- kerdhâ;   çárdhas, , çárdha-s, ,. ‘troop’; also črĕda,, ‘herd’?. See.   , see.   ', ',, ‘sour grapes’ ( only), for the earlier, , allied to , ‘bitter.’   , and  (accented like a foreign word), from the   hęrmelîn,, ‘ermine,’  of  harme,  harmo, , ‘ermine’; a  word merely, wanting in the other  languages, but in spite of the phonetic correspondence with  szermǔ, ‘ermine’ ( sz for  ç, Aryan k, whence  h), there is no doubt about its being genuinely. From are derived the  words similar in sound ( hermine,  ermellino) rather than from the  mus armenius (for which the earlier mus ponticus is found).   ,, ‘herald,’ late only (14th ), hęralt, hęrolt (also ęrhalt), , ‘herald’; undoubtedly an  military term, which, like a large number of others of the same class , became obsolete at an early period. itself is derived from an term recorded towards the end of the 13th, héralt,  héraut (  araldo,  heraldus), which is based, however, upon an  *hęriwalto, *hariwaldo, ‘an army official,’ appearing in  as a proper name, Hariold ( Harald). harên, ‘to praise,’ does not occur in the compound. <section end="Herold" /> <section begin="Herr" /> ,, ‘master, lord, gentleman, sir,’ from hërre (hêre), ,  hē̆rro (hêro), ;   hêrro,  heer,  hêra, ‘lord’;  a comparative of  ( hêr), in  *hairiza. In the period this origin was still recognised, as is seen by  hêrero, ‘lord’ (see ). Since the meaning of the   was ‘venerable,’  seems to have originated in the relation of the dependants to their master (  hlaford, ‘bread guardian,’ under ), and was used chiefly as a term of address (see ). in the words used in the same sense from  senior, viz.,  signore,  seigneur. is native to Germany, but in the form<section end="Herr" />