Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/165

Hei the clear, cloudless sky only);   heiþ, ‘clear sky.’   haidra-, haida-, from pre- kaitró-, kaito-, with  kêtú-s,, ‘brightness, light, rays, flame, lamp’ (identical in form with  haidus, , ‘manner, mode,’ connected with ), from the root cit (kêt), ‘to shine forth, appear, see’; to this is allied a   citrá-s, ‘glittering, radiating, bright, glorious,’ containing a derivative r, but with a differently graded vowel in the stem. A figurative sense is specially attached to  heiþr ( heiþar and heiþrs), , ‘honour,’ as well as to . ', , ‘to heat,’ from the   and  heizen, a variant of heiȥen ; a nominal verb from heiȥ, stem haita-,  *haitjan;   hœ̂tan, ‘to make hot, heat’ (from hât),  to heat. See .  ', , from the   helt ( hęldes), , late  hęlid, ‘hero’; corresponding to  hęlith,  hœlep- ( , hœle), ‘man, hero,’  hǫlðr, hǫldr (from *haluþr), and halr, ‘man,’  halē̆þ-, from kalē̆t-, kalét-, may most probably be connected with  calath,  calet, ‘hard.’  ,, ‘to help, assist, avail, remedy,’ from the  hëlfen,  hëlfan; a common   used in the same sense in all the dialects;   hilpan,  hjalpa,  hëlpan,  to help,  helpen,  hëlpan. root help from pre- kelb-; a root of another Aryan dialect apparently allied in meaning curiously ends in p (kelp);  szèlpti, ‘to help,’ paszalpà, ‘help’ (in  the root çalp does not occur). kḷp, ‘to accommodate oneself to, suit,’ is even less closely connected. ,, ‘clear, bright, evident,’ from hël ( hëlles), , ‘loud, sonorous,’  hël in gahël, unhël, missahëll; in  the meaning ‘sonorous’ was still current, but that of ‘glittering’ is found neither in  nor. hëllan, hëllen, ‘to resound’;  hal ( halles),, ‘sound, resonance,’ whence  hallen; further  hjal, , ‘chattering,’ hjala, ‘to chatter’?. .  ', ',, ‘bench near the stove,’ allied to earlier , , , ‘the narrow space between the stove and the wall’; the word is first recorded  towards the end of the 15th , but was in existence at an earlier period. heal, hal, ‘angle, corner’ (  cuil, ‘corner’). The form is due to a confusion with, which, like the   ‘,’ is connected with the root hel, ‘to veil, conceal.’   ,, from the  helmbarte, , ‘halberd’; for the second part of the compound see  (1). The first component has been ascribed to two sources — to the very rare helm, halm, ‘helve, handle,’ which would probably suit, as far as the sense is concerned, helmbarte, ‘an axe fitted with a handle’?. But since helmbarte, in such a derivation, should have halm- as the component, the phonetic relation of the words is in favour of the derivation from hëlm,, hence hëlmbarte, ‘an axe for cleaving the helmet.’ From the  words ( hallebarde) are derived.   ,, from the  heller, haller, , ‘a copper coin worth about $1⁄17$d.’; according to the ordinary supposition, “it was so called from the imperial town of , where it was first coined.” The  term halling, ‘obolus,’ which apparently contradicts this, is perhaps rightly regarded as identical with  hęlblinc,  ‘a fourth of a farthing.’  ', ',, ‘to importunate,’ from hęlligen, ‘to weary by pursuit, tease, torment’; a nominal verb from  hęllic, , ‘wearied, exhausted,’  , ‘wearied.’ The origin of the  is obscure.   (1.),, ‘helmet,’ from the  and  hëlm, ; the same in , , and  ( hëlm, ‘helmet, protector,’  helm),  hjalmr,  hilms, ‘helmet’; a common   noun, helma-, ‘helmet,’ from pre- kelmo-. çárman-,, ‘protection’ ( the meaning), with which the root kel in  , , is connected. szálmas, ‘helmet,’ and šlěmŭ, ‘helmet,’ were borrowed at an early period from ; so too the  class —  elmo ( heaume), ‘helmet.’

 (2.), ‘tiller,’  simply, from, whence a number of nautical terms found their way into  (see , , , , );   helmstock, ‘tiller.’  helm,  helma, ‘rudder,’  hjálm, , ‘tiller.’ In this case, as in most of the other nautical expressions,