Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/147

Gre  grinnen, ‘to gnash,’  to grin, to groan, ( grânian), also ; from the  cognates  digrignare, ‘to grin,’ is derived. The root grī̆, pre- ghrī̆, is not found elsewhere ( hrî, ‘to be ashamed’?). ,, ‘grizzled, hoary, aged,’ from the  grîs,  grîs (grîsil);   grîs, ‘hoary’; allied to  from  grîse, ‘old man.’ From this  word, unknown to the other  dialects and obscure in its origin, are derived the Romance cognates,  griso, grigio,  gris, ‘grey’ ( grigio, from  *greisja-?.   griseus, ‘grey’). ,, ‘shrill, glaring, dazzling,’ from grël(ll), ‘rough, angry,’ allied to  grëllen, ‘to cry aloud, angrily’; wanting in ; 'AS. griellan, ‘to gnash, sound harshly.’ The root and further cognates are unknown; akin to ?.  ,, ‘frippery, rag-fair,’ allied to grempeler, ‘slop-seller, retailer,’ grempen, ‘to keep a retail shop, deal in second-hand goods’; the latter is akin to  comprare (with r transposed crompare), ‘to buy,’ compra, ‘purchase.’   ,, the plant Potentilla anserina (silver-weed, goose-grass, or wild tansy), from the  and  grensinc; akin to  grans, ‘beak.’ See.   ,, ‘boundary, frontier, limit,’ from the late  gręniz, gręnize,  (appeared in the 13th  in the district belonging to the Teutonic Order), which is again derived from  and  granica,  hranice. The native word for is.   , see.   , , from the  griebe ( griube, Swiss grṻbe),  griobo, griubo, , ‘greaves’ (in  also, ‘frying-pan’?); corresponding to  greófa,  greaves,  grefwar; g in this word scarcely represents the prefix ga-, , so that the word might be connected with the root of  girouben, ‘to fry.’   ,, ‘core of fruit,’ from the  grobiȥ, grübiȥ (also ‘larynx’), to which the  variants  grütz (gürbsi),  , are akin. *grobaȥ and *grubiȥ are wanting; in form they are connected with  obaȥ, ‘fruit,’ with  ebiȥ, ebitz, ‘core of fruit,’ and with , as well as Swiss böki.   ,, ‘ill-humour, spleen,’ from grisgram, , ‘gnashing of teeth’; allied to  grisgramen, -grammen, ‘to gnash with the teeth, snarl,’  grisgramôn, gristgrimmôn, ‘to gnash,’  gristbîtung, ‘gnashing of teeth.’ The first syllable represents grist-, but that does not make the early history of the word clearer.   , and, ‘gravel, groats,’ from  grieȥ (grûȥ),  and , ‘grain of sand, sand, gravel’; the  sense has not yet been found in  (yet late  grieȥmël, ‘coarse ground flour’),  grioȥ,  and , ‘sand, gravel’; corresponding to  griot,  greôt, ‘sand,’  grjót, ‘stones.’ On the  meaning of these cognates are based  greto, ‘stony bed of a river,’ and  grès, ‘sandstone,’ grêle, ‘hail.’ The  signification is connected with the closely allied cognates of. <section end="Grieß" /> <section begin="Griffel" /> ,, ‘slate pencil, graving tool, stylus,’ from the  griffel,  griffil, ; related to  as  to ?. Yet it is more probably based on a root grep, ‘to dig’;   urgrœpa, ‘to excavate,’  and  grôp, ‘pit,’ , ‘gutter.’ <section end="Griffel" /> <section begin="Grille" /> ,, ‘cricket, whim, crotchet,’ from the  grille,  grillo, ; corresponding to  grillo (from  γρύλλος, ‘grasshopper’). <section end="Grille" /> ,, ‘fierce, wrathful, furious,’ from grim, grimme,  grim, grimmi, ‘unfriendly, frightful, savage’ (to which  ,  grimmec and  grimmig are allied). Corresponding to and  grim(mm),  grim,  grimmig,  grimmr,  *grimma-; allied to , root grem (by gradation gram). — <section begin="Grimm" /> ,, ‘fury, rage, wrath,’ from grim (mm), ;   grim. <section end="Grimm" /> <section begin="Grimmen" /> ,, ‘ache, gripe,’ in , from the  grimme, ; to this the simply  , ‘colon,’ is akin. <section end="Grimmen" /> <section begin="Grind" /> ,, ‘scab, scurf, itch,’ from the  grint(d),  grint, ; allied, like , to  grindan? or to ?. <section end="Grind" /> ,, ‘to grin, show the teeth,’ with a s from  grinnen, ‘to gnash.’ See.