Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/139

Ges  gespęnste, (gespęnst, gespanst, ), ‘enticement, allurement, infernal illusion, ghost,’  gispanst,, ‘enticement’; the latter meaning is the original one, since  (see also , ), according to its form, is a verbal abstract of an  spanan, ‘to entice.’   and  spanan, ‘to entice, charm,’  spanen (  σπάω).   , see.   ,, from the  gestat(d), , ‘bank, shore.’  ,  ',, ‘having form or shape,’ in ;  ungestalt,  ungistalt, ‘disfigured, ugly,’  wolgestalt (wol ges'ęllet); a  of  stęllen, which may also mean ‘to shape, make, accomplish, set in order.’ To this is allied ', , ‘external appearance, shape, figure, mien,’  gestalt, , ‘shape, appearance, nature,’  *gistalt. Considering the comparatively late appearance of the word (not until the end of the 13th ), may have been derived from the old compound,  ungistalt,  ungestalt,, ‘disfigured.’ ,, ‘to allow, admit, grant,’ from gestaten,  , ‘to grant, permit,’  gistatôn; probably connected most closely with  stata, , ‘favourable opportunity’ (for details see ). — ,, ‘to acknowledge, confess,’ from gestên, gestân,  gistân,  , ‘to stand still, assist, own, confess’; derivatives,  , , See. ,, ‘yesterday,’ from the  gëstern (gëster),  gëstaron (gëstre), ; also, with a divergent meaning,  êgëstern, ‘the day after to-morrow’ (and ‘the day before yesterday’); corresponding to  gistradagis, ‘to-morrow,’  ìgœr, ‘to-morrow, yesterday.’ It is evident that the primary word was used in the double sense of ‘to-morrow’ and ‘yesterday’ ( ‘on the second day from this’);  also  geostra, gistrandœg,  yesterday,  gisteren, ‘yesterday.’ The form and the idea are Aryan;   hyás, ‘yesterday,’  χθές,  heri (for hjiesi?); ghyés is the  form, whence with the suffix tro-, ghistro-, ghyestro- ( gistra). For, ‘to-day,’ and , ‘to-morrow’ ( cras, çrás), an equally diffused form is wanting.  , see. —   , see. —   , see. —   , see. —   , see. — <section end="Gestüppe" /> <section begin="Gestüt" /> , see. <section end="Gestüt" /> ,, ‘sound, healthy, wholesome,’ from the  gesunt(d),  gisunt(t); also  gesunt,  gisunt, m, ‘health’;   gesund and sund,  sound,  gezond,  sund. To the word is unknown. Its connection with sânus, ‘healthy,’ is as feasible phonetically as its connection with, or with the  root sinþ, ‘to go,’ in. <section begin="Getreide" /> ,, ‘grain, corn,’ from getręgede, , ‘everything that is carried, clothing, luggage; what the soil bears (flowers, grass), corn,’ even in late  (11th ), gitręgidi, , ‘revenue, possesion.’ The  sense is first found in 14th. <section end="Getreide" /> , see. — , see. <section begin="Gevatter" /> , . ‘godfather, sponsor, gossip,’ from gevatere,  gifataro, ‘spiritual co-father, godfather’; an imitation of eccles. compater. From this was also formed gifatara,  gevatere,, ‘godmother.’  also  and. <section end="Gevatter" /> ,, ‘aware,’ from gewar,  and  giwar, ‘heedful, attentive, mindful’; hence  is  ‘to grow careful, mindful’; thus even in  gewar wërden,  giwar wërdan,  giwar wërdan;   gewaar,  aware. Allied to gewar,, ‘oversight, headship,’ gewarsame, ‘oversight, certainty,’  , , ‘surety, custody.’ — ,, ‘to be aware of, perceive, discover,’ from late gewarn, ‘to become aware’; derived from the. See,. <section begin="gewähren" /> ,, ‘to be surety for, guarantee, attest,’ from gewërn,  giwërên, ‘to grant, confess, perform, pay, give security,’ also the   wern  wërên; corresponding to  wera, ‘to give security.’ From the   wërênto, ‘guarantor,’ were adopted the Romance cognates,  guarento and  garant, ‘bondsman’ (allied to  garantir,  guarentire, ‘to give security,’ whence  ,  warrant). The connecting link between the  verbal stem werai-, ‘to confess,’ and non- words has not yet been found; perhaps  feraim, ‘I give,’ is allied. <section end="gewähren" />