Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/100

Fac a to o may be due to, as in , from  focare.   ,, ‘torch,’ from the  vackele, vackel,  facchala, ;   fœcele, , ‘torch,’ with the abnormal variant þœcele,. It is usually regarded as a loan-word from facula, ( of fax). The sounds, however, point with greater probability to a genuinely word, which was perhaps connected with  facula;  fakkel,, has ck, like the  word, in contrast to  c; the vowels too of the  stem and derivative syllable tell in favour of a genuinely native word; likewise  rôrea gafaclita, ‘reed shaken to and fro by the wind.’   ,, ‘thread, file, shred,’ from the  vaden, vadem,  fadam, fadum, ;  *faþms is wanting. fathmos, ‘both arms stretched out,’ fœþm, ‘both arms distended, embrace, protection, bosom,’  fathom (a measure),  faðmr, ‘both arms, bosom.’ Consequently the primary sense is ‘encompassing with both arms,’ which could be adopted as a measure (see ); hence the use of ‘fathom’ as a measure in, , , , and also in  (adopted from  and ). The meaning ‘thread’ is a recent development; its  sense is ‘as much yarn as can be measured with the arms stretched out.’ The primary sense, ‘encompassing,’ results from  faþa,,  vade, , ‘hedge, enclosure.’ The base of the cognates is a  root, feþ, faþ, pre- pet, pot, which accords with the  πετ in πετάννυμι, ‘to spread out,’ πέταλος, ‘outspread, broad, flat’;  patere, ‘to stand open,’ is even more remote.   , ‘capable, competent, able,’ from.  ,, ‘dun, fawn-coloured, pale,’ from val ( wes), , ‘pallid, discoloured, faded, yellow, fair,’  falo ( falawêr);   falu,  fealo ( fealwes),  fallow,  fǫlr, ‘pallid, pale’;. Allied to  palleo, ‘to be pallid,’ pallidus, ‘pallid,’  πολιός (suffix ιο as in δεξιός,  taihs-wa) ‘grey,’  plavŭ, ‘whitish,’  pàlvas, ‘tawny,’  palita-s, ‘grey.’ By this interpretation of the cognates the ch of  falch, ‘cow or horse of fawn colour,’ gefalchet, ‘fallow,’ remains unexplained; these suggest a connection with. The cognates, falbo,  fauve (  also, , ), are derived from. ,, ‘to inform against,’ from vanden,  fânton, ‘to visit’;   fandian,  fandian, ‘to test, beseech, demand’; probably from a root fenþ in  (  vanden, ‘to visit a woman in childbed’).  , ( in ), ‘banner, flag, standard, squadron,’ from  vane, van,  ‘flag, banner’; in this sense  has the compound gundfano,, since fano most frequently means ‘cloth’ ( ougafano, ‘veil,’ halsfano, ‘neckcloth’); allied to  fana, ‘cloth, stuff, rag,’  fana and gûþfana, , ‘standard, banner,’  fane, vane,  vaan, ‘flag.’ The  fanan, pre- pano-n-, has in the wider sphere of the Aryan languages many cognates which also point to the general and older meaning, ‘stuff, cloth’;  pannus, ‘small piece of cloth, rag,’  o-pona, ‘curtain,’ ponjava, , ‘sail.’ Akin also perhaps to  πῆνος, , ‘garment,’ πηνίον, ‘spool, spindle.’ An Aryan verbal root, pen, appears in  pĭną (pęti), ‘to span, hang.’ The  gunþfano, ‘standard,’ was adopted with the meaning ‘flag’ by Romance (  gonfalon,  gonfalone), while the simple form in Romance retained at different times the earlier and general meaning (  and  fanon, ‘rag, towel, fanon (of a priest).’ —   ', ', ‘cornet, ensign,’ like, first formed in from the shorter  word;   vęnre (the  d is excrescent, as in , ),  faneri, , ‘standard-bearer.’   ,, from the  vęre, vęr, , , ‘ferry’;   veer ( ferry is borrowed from  ferja, , ‘ferry’). Also akin to farm,  varm, ‘skiff, ferry,’ and  fęrid,, ‘navigium'; like , connected with. See.  ,, ‘to drive, convey, sail,’ from varn,  faran, ‘to move from one place to another, go, come’; corresponds to  (rare) faran, ‘to wander, march,’  and  faran, ‘to proceed, march,’  to fare,  fara, ‘to move’ (of any kind of motion). The root far in farjan ( fęrian,  vęrn) means ‘to go by ship,’ and is therefore connected with the nouns mentioned under. The primary meaning of the