Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/849

 VILLAS IN VARIOUS STYLES. 825 asparagus, sea-kale, rhubarb, and other articles, with two mushroom sheds marked 1,2; h, slips, enclosed by thorn or holly hedges ; the outside borders planted with small fruit trees and fruit shrubs ; i, range of hot-houses ; viz., two peach-houses, a viner}-, and two pineries ; k, sheds behind the hot-houses ; /, mould-yard ; m, orchard ; n, aquarium and rockwork ; o, gate of the cart-road to the coach-yard, mould-yard, and sheds ; p, basin of water in the centre of the garden ; q q, lines of approach to t)ie entrance-court. The advantages of this disposition of the house, offices, and pleasure-ground of a villa, ]Mr. IMain observes, " are, the compactness and unity of design which it presents. Every thing, whether useful or ornamental, necessary to render such a residence complete, is here included within the sunk fence. From the endless walk within this fence is seen, over a foreground of lawn and trees and shrubs, the scenery of the park, and the features of the surrounding country, whatever they may be. Any necessary sub- divisions of the park, for agricultural purposes, may be made, without in the slightest degree interfering with the ground consecrated to the house. Various statues, sculptures, vases, and other architectural ornaments, may be distributed among the flower-beds near the house, and along the endless walk. A gardener's house may be placed in the orchard, or behind the vinery at k. exactly in the centre of the range of glass ; and the living and sleeping rooms should be so high as to overlook the whole of the garden and the orchard. 1744. Accommodation. The ground plan is shown in fig. 1447. The main entrance is through the archway, a, into the court, b ; from which there are a portico, c, and passage leading to the central hall, d ; round this hall are arranged the following apart- ments ; viz., dining-room, e; drawing-room, /"; small drawing-room, g ; library, h; breakfast-room, i ; housekeeper's room, j ; passage, leading from the kitchen and back stairs, k; butler's pantry, I; passage, with linen closets and presses along the walls, leading to the housekeeper's room, m ; entrance to the cellars, and laundry-stairs, &c., n ■ laundry, with coal-cellar under, o, ; wash-house, p, with a cellar under it, and back stairs to the drying-ground, which is on a level with the floor of the coal-cellar ; coal-house, q ; knife-hole, r; wood-house, s; ash-hole, t ; man's water-closet, «; groom's harness-room, with a bed-room over it, r ; riding-horse stables, with a loft, w ; archway between the stables, x ; coach-horse stables, with loft over them, y ; coach-harness room, and bed- room over, z ; coach-houses, §• ; bakehouse, a'; scalding-house, with pump, h' ; dairy, c'; covered passage, with stairs to the rooms over the scullery and dairy, d' ; scullery, e ; larder, f ; kitchen, </ ; passage from the kitchen to the main body of the house, ^'; servants' hall, i' ; open alcove, k'. There is a drying-yard at /, a kitchen-yard at ni, and a dung-pit in the direction of «'. The chamber floor, fig. 1446, contains a gallery, into which all the bed-room doors 144fi open, a ; four bed-rooms, 6 ; with four dressing-rooms, c ; a bath-room, or bed-room for an upper servant, d ; and back stairs, e. There is a ladies' water- closet, f, with a lobby, and screen-door from the gallery. 1745. Remarks. There is a great deal of comfort in this Design, and much economy of both room and labour is produced by entering through the general court, in which the carriages of strangers may stand, so as to be easily called at a'U times. The whole of the doors to the ser-ants' offices ai'ound this court are so contrived as to be directly under the eye of the housekeeper. The distance of the kitchen from the dining-room will be objected to by some, as incurring the risk of cooling the dinner; while it will be approved of by others, as insur- ing the absence of aU kitchen smells in the main body of the house. .Alanv will consider the central haU much too large, and object to all the doors of the bed-rooms opening into one gallery ; others, on the contrary, will approve of this arrangement, on account of Its simplicity. In laying out the grounds about the house, a terrace, and those other architectural appendages for which we have been contending, Chapter I., § 1648 to § 1674, will, of course, not be forgotten, either in this Design, or in the preceding one ; though, in both cases, the ground plans ai e too small to show them properly. 5 c