Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/774

 750 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. under the privy seats, all round up to the oak seats, with cement. Point up neatly with cement, round all the floors in schoolrooms, and after all the tradesmen generally. Run circular beads and quirks to the windows in two pair, and in the committee-room, and to doorway of the master's entrance ; cut all the quirks ; render two coats behind all the skirting, and to all the chimney openings, and lath and lay two coats beliind the skirtings to all the partitions. Render with cement behind the window backs in first floor, and render the face of tiic half-brickwork to the windows with cement, and black ditto. Render and float with Parker's cement all round the walls in the kitchen, 2 feet high, l^inch thick, and colour ditto. 1588. Smith. Fix six wrought-iron bars, inch square, 3 feet long, on the steps to the girls' school, and strong iron brace, and handrail ramped 2 inches and a half by five «ighths of an inch rounded. Fix four strong iron scrapers let 4 inches into steps ; five a half by five eighths of an inch. 1589. Plumber. Fix step flashing (pieces of lead flashing let into the joints of the brickwork above one another) 9 inches wide, round chimney shaft, of 4-pound lead, and fix on the ridges milled lead, 5 pounds to the foot, 20 inches wide, dressed round the roll. Strong lead-headed nails every two feet on both sides. Fix milled lead round the skylight, 5 pounds to the foot, 14 inches wide, and gutter, IS inches wide. Fix milled lead on the base of the pediment at both ends, 6 pounds to the foot, to turn up 4 inches, and flashing, 6 inches wide, 4 pounds to the foot, over ditto, fixed with holdfasts ; put 20 dots (studs, or broad-headed tacks) to keep the lead down, line the cistern in the kitchen with lead, 7 pounds to the foot at the bottom, and 6 pounds to the foot on the sides. Lay on water from the main in the road with inch extra-strong pipe and joints to supply the cistern, with ferrol (ferrol, in plumbing, is a brass tube soldered to the lead pipe at one end, and then driven into the main water-pipe), ball- cock and ball, 1^-inch waste pipe to the sink from the cistern, and ^-inch service pipe from the cistern to supply the sink, with cock and boss, 3-inch brass grate and bell trap soldered in ; 2-inch waste-pipe from the sink into the drain ; and lay on a piece of inch pipe from the service-pipe to the branch to the two best privies, with cocks to turn on the seats. 1590. Glaziers and Painters. Glaze all the sashes, skylight, &c., with good jjickcd thirds glass ; paint all the sashes and frames, sills, doors and frames, jjrivies, outside soflfit and fascia, ironwork to steps, closets, skirtings, window-backs and linings, and other woodwork and walls, &c., of the committee-room four times in oil and good colour, but not the oak-boarding and seats in the privy. Cover all the ironwork to the roof, iron angle ties, &:c., with boded oil and lamp black, and paint them twice in oil- colour, black. 1591. General Estimate. The actual cost of this school was ^£"1287; and, as it con- tains about 62,000 cubic feet, this gives 5d. per foot as the guess rate of such buildings in the vicinity of London. 1592. licmnrJts. The specification of this Design appears remarkably complete ; and it is the more likely to be so, because the contract was made from it, and it received its last corrections from Mr. Kent, after the work was executed. Having examined the school, we can answer for the excellence of the workmanship, and the completeness of the system of draining, heating, lighting, and ventilation. The system of underground drainage, as will be seen by reference to the foundation plan, is very complete ; and the stone traps to the cesspools of the privies deserve the particular attention of builders : without them, all privies constructed and arranged so as to have currents of water jjassing tlirough them, to wash away their contents, must necessarily smell ; with them, all smell is effectually prevented ; because, as the trap i-eaches down within ."J inches of the bottom of the drain, there will always be water more than sufficient to prevent air from entering bv so small an opening. Many of the privies of the small houses in the suburbs of London are intolerable, solely from the want of traps of this sort ; which, unfortunately, it would cost the occupant too much to build in ; and the consequence, we have no doubt, is, that the stench gives rise to various diseases. We could have wished doors to all the privies without exception, for we do not like marking out a difference, even between children and their teachers, in any thing that relates to comfort or cleanliness: if a dis- tinction is to be made, it shoidd be in things which relate only to luxury and ornament. On mentioning the subject to Mr. Kent, however, he gave us a very sufficient reason for the omission. The mode of covering the privies with flat roofs, formed of three courses of flat tiles, laid in cement, is good, and of great strength and durability ; more especially if, after laying the first coat, a week or more is allowed to elapse before the second is laid, and after laying the second, two months is allowed to elapse before laying the third. The mode of laying two coiu-scs of brick in cement, in the outside walls, and also in the cross walls and piers, immediately under the sleepers, ought always to be followed with every building
 * -inch square wrought-iron guard bars to the kitchen window, and top rail, 2 inches and