Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/672

 G48 COTTAGE, FAHM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. landing from the staircase, 2. The liquid manure tank from the privy and pigsty is at §•, in fig. 1 236. 1 367. Construction. The walls are shown as if built of brick, and they are supposed to be hollow, as in Design I. § 25. In tliis case the partition between the living-room, c, and the poultry place is supposed to be of four-inch work, or brick in bed ; but if this cottage should be built in a stone country, as the walls will then necessarily be eighteen inches or two feet thick, according to the kind of stones made use of, and as they will be not less thick if built of mud or compressed earth, the partitions in both cases should be of studwork, filled in with brick or clay nogging ; the back of the fireplace being formed of a cast-iron plate, through which abundance of heat will pass to the poultry place. If, in the summer time, this heat should be too great, it can be moderated by building, in a temporary manner, stones, brick, turf, or mud, against the back of the cast- iron plate. The outside door of the poultry place being supposed to face the soutli-east, as indicated in the plan, it would be a saving of heat if the upper part of it were formed of glass, to admit the rays of the sun in spring, with a shutter for putting on at night. 1 368. liemarks. The plan of this double cottage is commodious. We took the first idea of its arrangement from a plan publislied in the benevolent Mr. Marriage's Letters on the Distressed State of the Apricidtural Labourers ; but we have added the poultry places, the yard behind and its offices, and altered the situation of the staircase. We have given an elevation in the Italian style, fig. 1241, simply because it would have taught nothing to the young Architect to give a commonplace one. In this elevation, the flat tile, fig. 12.38, which is a recent improvement by Mr. Peake, on his flat tile, fig. 24, a, § 50, is supposed to be employed ; the joints being covered with semicylindrical tiles, like h, fig. 24, and the tile at the eaves either terminating in a plain end, as in fig. 1239, «; in an ornamented end, like c ; or in a still more ornamented one, as b. In conse- 1238 b 1239 quence of the raised bead, or water stop, across the upper part of the tile, fig. 1238. roofs to be covered with these tiles need not have a greater slope than an angle of fifteen degrees ; an immense saving of timber and other materials, as well as a source of great classical beauty. The tiles, being formed of terro- metallic earth, have somewhat of the colour of cast iron : they arc almost equally hard ; and must, from their nature, be incomparably more durable. In short, we con- sider them as the best of all cover- ings for roofs, whether of small or large buildings, provided the timbers be sufficiently strong to sustain them. On the terr.ice we have shown vases, which we jiropose to be of a kind recently manufactured by Mr. Peake in one piece, fig. 1240, two feet high and eighteen inches wide, of great beauty, and remarkably cheap, being formed of the same material as the tiles. There are suitable ridge-tiles, gutter-tiles, valley-tiles, and barge and summer-stone tiles, all manufactured by Mr. Peake in the same superior style, at the .--anie pottery. As the terro-metallic earth is of tlie greatest durability, ]lr. Peake is of