Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/626

 002 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. Fig. 1161 is a plan of the top the fuel chamber ; that is, on tlio line A B, in fig. 1160. of the kiln enclosed and covered by the kiln-shed. In this plan, k k It are the three circular openings in the covering arch of the kiln, through which the broken stones and coal are introduced : these open- ings may either be covered with a flat plate of cast-iron, or with one of Booker's cast-iron covers ; this last is a truncated cone of cast- iron, the opening at the truncated part of the cone being a foot in diameter, with a lid to cover it oc- casionally ; I is the place where the broken coal is laid down ; and m, that where the broken stone is laid ; a cart for bringing these materials into the kiln may pass in at one door and out at the other. Fig. 1 1 60 is a longitudinal section of the kihi .^_ ^ on the line E F, in which n is the 1158 ^j — ^^^'y l ■ — S_LJ_J^ side opening to the back of the I 1 ^ ' L fuel chamber ; o, cast-iron covers (with openings in the centre, and lids over them) to the feeding apertures; and p, the springing of the covering arch. Fig. 1162 is a transverse section of the kiln and kiln-shed, on the line C D, in which is shown the ash-pit, under the fuel-chamber, q; the Bpace between the double doors of the fuel chamber, r ; the covered area on which the loading carts stand, s ; and the cast-iron cover to the feeding aperture, and the protecting cover to the chimney of the kiln-shed, M. Fig. 11 63 is a front elevation of the kiln, with the shed over it. - 1 t-v — 1159 _ .-A-. .jj^ ^ 1288. Construction. The walls should either be built of fire-brick, or firestone; but they are sometimes built of limestone of the same quality as that to be burned within ; but having the stones in large masses, so to prevent their being as much affected by the heat as the smaller stones in the kiln, which are mixed with fuel. The upper part of the kiln may either be arched over, or covered with oast-iron joists and flag-stones ; leaving square or longitudinal holes for the admission of air, which