Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/600

 576 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. only necessary to suppose a contrary position of these openings, and to iman;ine the doors and windows placed at random. Now, the expression, produced by uniformity and con- tinuity of axis, whether vertically or horizontally, may be greatly increased by lines expressive of this uniformity and continuity ; for example, by a continuity of the sills and lintels horizontally, and of the jambs vertically, somewhat in the manner shown in fig. 459, § 532. It surely will be allowed that this would give a marked expression to the two elevations before us, independently of every other resource. The angles or corners of all buildings, it will be admitted, contribute to expression by the mere circum- stance of their furnishing vertical lines : now, the expression of these lines may be heightened by doubling them, or producing the appearance of a bold, massive pier, pillar, or pilaster at the angle ; and this, again, may be varied and heightened by giving the expression of the individual stones which compose it ; either simply, as of stones of the same size ; or, compoundly, by showing stones of different sizes, as in what is called in and out bond. Here, tlien, are two distinct sources of expression, which may be added to plain walls varied by plain openings.) Fig. II07 is a section from c to d 1107 on the plan fig. 1 108. In this figure, 1 1 1 1 are Inverted arches, and o, the axle of the wheel, as in fig. 1105 ; s s is the ground floor ; t t, the floor in which the millstones work ; u u, the warehouse floor ; v v, the floor in the roof. The spaces w w w w are left open. Fig. 1108 is a plan of the ground floor, in which .r is the cog-pit, or place for the cog-wheel, on the lying or horizontal shaft of the water-wheel, paved with brick ; y is the bed or bolster of the gudgeon of the cog-wheel ; 2 2 z are the upright posts which support the stone floor ; a is the brick on edge paving of the race, or tail-water