Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/598

 574. COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. a h represents the level of the water in the mill pond or head, below which the wall of the mill-house is of stone ; c repi-esents the thorough or space in which the water-wheel ■works ; </ is a stone wall ; and e e brick cheeks, or facings, to confine the water to the wheel. (This Design, our readers will probably say, is plain enough; but in case they should wish to confer architectural style upon it, wc shall show them how it is to be done. In the iirst place, more expression may be given to the walls by constructing them, or by exhibiting a style of construction founded, either on the wooden model or the stone model. By the wooden model, we mean the primitive style of building with timber, in which all walls are formed of a vertical bond of scjuare pillars, and a hori- zontal bond of architraves or lintels placed over, or intersecting them. This may be exhibited with equal case in a building constructed either of brick or stone ; jiilasters representing the vertical bond, and architraves the horizontal ties. The stone model is that in which small stones are used piled up in piers for the vertical bond, and forming arches in horizontal lines, or courses for the horizontal bond. This, it will be readily allowed, can be done with equal ease, whether the building is of brick or stone. Here, then, are the rudiments of two distinct styles of composition, of each of which styles there may be several varieties or manners, according to the kind of stone or brick used, and also according to the kind of timber imitated. We say nothing of the forms of the openings, or of the gable ends, vv'hich aftbi-d other sources of style and architectural interest, preferring, for the present, to leave the young Architect to develope and amplify the ideas which we have thrown out.) Fig. 1105 is an 1105 elevation of tlic building facing the thorough, in which the dotted line /// represents the circumference of the wheel; gg, the position of the cheeks, or offset of brickwork,