Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/583

 FARM HOUSES AND FARMERIES IN VARIOUS STYLES. 5^)9 plate 7 inches by 1 inch and a half, the sarking to be three fourths of an inch thick, well seasoned, and jointed closely. The sarking on the granaries to be half checked on the joints. Ridge-bottoms to be 2 inches by 1 inch and a quaiter, fixed to the roof with iron spikes 3 feet apart. 1208. Joisting and Flooring. The sleepers in the dressing-barn and the low granary floors to be 6 inches by 2 inches and a half, built as described in the mason-work. The joisting in the loft for unthreshed corn and granaries to be 10 inches deep by 2 inches and a half thick, with 1 foot of wall-hold, joisting and sleepers laid at 20 inches from centres, all covered with Dram timber battens (battens from Drammen, a sea-port in Norway, supposed to be of spruce fir) ; under floors to be plain-jointed, and doweled with iron dowels; the upper floors to be tongued and feathered on the joints, and fixed down with good flooring sprigs. The cart-sheds to have a joist built into the wall at each pillar, 8 inches by 2 inches and a half, and the wall-plate nailed down on the top of it. Those that have metal pillars should have linteling-beams 9 inches by 12 inches broad and the end of the joist tenanted 2 inches into the lintel to have an iron strap, split on the end, and put on the top with screw bolts, to fix the joist and the lintel together ; the joist going through the back-wall; and the under side to be checked into a piece of wood S feet long, 2 inches and a half thick, and about 6 inches broad, built into the middle of the wall; also the wall-plate nailed on the top : this will keep the pillars firm in their position. 1 209. Safe-Lintels. The whole of the safe-lintels (inside lintels) to have a wall-hold of 1 foot, to be 1 inch thick for each foot of the openings they cover, and from 9 inches to 1 2 inches broad ; the whole breadth filled in like manner behind, and arched above where there is room. 1210. Doors. The whole of the doors to be made of deal not more than 6 inches and a half broad, 1 inch and a quarter thick, beaded on the edges, and grooved and tongued on the joints; with three crossbars to each, 9 inches broad, 1 inch and a quarter thick, and well nailed. The stable, cow-house, and barn-doors to be 3 feet 6 inches wide, and hung ui two leaves where necessary, which is the case in some of the stables. The straw-barn and granary doors to be 4 feet wide, the whole of the doors to be hung on crooks with bands, the crooks to be laid on the bed of the ribbet. The crook to be split in the tail, to have 7 inches hold of the stone ; the pin of the crook to be 1 inch and an eighth in diameter, each crook 3 pounds and a quarter in weight, well batted in with lead ; and for 4-feet wide doors the crooks to be 4 pounds each, and the pin to be 1 inch and a quarter in diameter. The bands for 3 feet 6 inches doors to be three eighths of an inch thick at the neck, and 2 inches broad, 22 inches long, having a proper taper, both in breadth and thickness, from the neck to the tail, and to have a a-incli screw bolt to the neck of each, the weight of each to be 4 pounds and a half. Those for 4-feet doors to be 23 inches long, half an inch thick by 2 inches and a half broad at the neck, with a bolt as above, and to be 5 pounds and a quarter weight each. The band-nails to be counter-sunk, and properly riveted. The latches for the doors to be of the kind which has a sunk ring, but stronger made than in general. Locks to be selected according to the use of the different places where they are applied. 1211. lFi)idows. The frames of the lowerwindows of barns, stables, cow-house, &c., to be made 2 inches thick, with boards below 16 or 18 inches high, himg on the frames with cross-tailed bands, and glazed above with second crown-glass ; those in the granaries, and other places where glass is unnecessary, to be filled with weather-boards 6 inches broad, 1 inch thick, champhered on the outer edges, hung with iron pivots, in a frame 3 inches by 2, having a strap of iron attached to the inside, and moved up or down to admit air into the places when required. All the lower windows of the barn to be secured by iron bars 1 inch square, and not more than 3 inches apart, batted into the sole and lintel, and to have a cross bar in the middle, and the upright bars passing through it. The dressing-barn and granaries to have skirting-boards, 8 inches broad by 1 inch thick, nailed on bond timber built in the walls. 1212. Trevises, Racks, and Mangers. The hind-posts of the trevises to be 8 feet 6 inches long, 6 inches and a half square, made in the octagon form above the level of the pavement ; to be sunk 3 feet and a half below the level of the pavement, and to be solidly built round, 3 feet in diameter, with stone and lime mortar ; the parts of the posts to be properly charred on the ends, as far as they go below the ground, their tops to stand 6 inches above the trevise-boards, and to be rounded. The height of the fore-posts to be 9 inches above the top of the racks, 4 inches and a half by 2 inches, the foot of each to be set in stones, one on each side of the boards, and a piece of wood the thickness of the trevise-boards fitted in between the posts above the trevise-boards. The trevises to be 8 feet long from the wall to the outside of the hind-posts. The trevise-boards to be 1 inch and a half thick, mortised 1 inch and a half into the hind-post, and properly nailed into the fore-posts with 20d. nails ; and the boards to be put together on the joints with iron dowels, at 2s. to the hundred. The trevises to be 4 feet 6 inches high at the hind-