Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/516

 492 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. opening, arched, &c., as shown in the drawing. To build jambs and pillars to all the hovels and cart-sheds, with hewn stone in and out tie both sides, well jointed and set ; the stones to be 20 inches long, 12 inches deep, and 10 inches and a half thick, and the space between the pillars to be carried up with good common walling. The arches to have pen stones (arch stones) to go through the full thickness of wall, and not to be less than 10 inches in the head; all the angles of the jambs to be cut off, making a 2-inch chamfer. The barn and straw-house to be flag-paved with flag-stones, 3^ inches thick, dressed and jointed, to be laid on a bed of rubblestones 8 inches thick, broken small; the flags to be bedded in sand, and the joints to be set with lime. To pebble-pave the byres and calf-houses with proper cribstone and saddle (the former, fig. 984, k, partitions off the crib ; and the latter, /, the gutter 9S4 behind) ditto, as shown in the plans. The cribs to be flagged at bottom. To pebble-pave the new stable, fowl-house, hay-house and pig-houses, with the yards to ditto. The stable to have proper stones mortised, and set for stall-posts. To pebble-pave a causeway 4 feet broad, with proper edge stones, in front of all the buildings inside the fold ; also along the east side of the east wing, as shown by dotted lines on the ground plan. To build walls for the pig-houses, fold walls, stack-yard walls, and crib walls, as shown in the plan. Proper stone gateposts to be set into the groimd, and those for the folds and stack-yard to have iron crooks run into the same with lead, for gates to be hung on ; the whole to have scappled coins at the angles and gate openings. The walls to be carried up 5 feet and a half high above the ground, in common walling, with sloped coping. The ridge stone to be worked fair to a mould- ing, and laid on all the ridges and hips of the roofing. The first stone of each hip to be fixed with an iron spike. Stone water-tables to be laid on the pig-house gables ; the first stone to be run into a corbel coin. The stone spouts to be wrought, and fixed into the walls of the pig-yards. The crib walls in the folds to have stone posts grooved to receive deal fronts, and to be flagged at bottom with common flags. The old cottage at Hallington Hill to be taken down ; the byre to be converted into a cottage, and the barn into a hovel, opening into ditto. The latter to have jambs carried up with hewn stone and arch, as described for the other hovels. The chimney and fireplace in the cottage to be done as hereafter described for the new cottages. The flagging and plastering also to be the same. The walls for the fold and stack-yard to be done as before described for those at the farm house. 988. Cottages. To build two cottages adjoining the cart-shed, as shown in the drawing. The walls to be as before described. The chimneys to be carried up with proper vents 14 feet by 10 feet, and to be well pargeted inside with hair and lime; each to have hewn stone jambs, mantels, and chimney-top. The fireplaces to have each a cylinder oven, 1 5 inches in diameter ; a furnace pot to contain eight gallons of water ; and a pair (front and bottom bars) of common grates 17 inches wide : the whole to be set with hewn stone fronts, fire bricks, and dampers. The floors to be flag-paved with Si-inch flags, dressed and jointed, and well bedded in sand. 989. Plasterer's Work. To plaster the cottages with two-coated plastering; the stoothing partitions of the dairy and lobby, in the new cottages, to be plastered with two coats of lath plaster. The granary and barn walls to l)e plastered with one coat wall plaster, 4 feet from the floor. The window-frames to be drawn about (pointed) with hair and lime mortar on both sides. The lime to be well prepared for all the plastering, and to be mixed with a suflficient quantity of hair. The mason to cut all holes for posts, iron crooks, grooves, and all others necessary for carjjenter's and joiner's work, and the slating also ; to clear away all the surplus earth from the inside of all the buildings, which are to be made level ; the earth to be wheeled out to a considerable distance for carting away. The mason, also, to provide lead for running the ironwork into the stone ; and to have the use of roofing timber, or any other old timber which may be spared, for scaffolding ; but in case any of the same should thereby be broken or injured, to replace them, or else allow the value thereof to the carpenter for damages. 990. The Carpenter's and Joiner's IVorh. To provide and cut all the lintels for the doors and windows, of such scantlings as are hereafter specified ; and so as not to have less than 12 inches hold on the wall at each end. The granary above the straw-house to have joisting laid 18 inches apart, mid and mid; and to have 12 inches hold on the wall at each end. — Flooring. The granary floor to be laid with inch-and-quarter white-wood battens, dressed and jointed : the battens to be laid loose, so as to take up and relay after pining (shrinking). The roofing for all the buildings to be framed and hipped, as shown in the drawing, with tie-beams laid on raising plates (wall plates), the scantlings to be hereafter specified ; and the whole to have a sufliicient number of principals to make the openings between not exceed from 7 to 8 feet. — Scantlings. Tie- beams, 6 inches and a half by 4 inches ; principal rafters, 8 inches and a half by 2 inches