Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/506

 482 COTT...GE, I'ARM, AND VILLA AIICIIITECTUIIF.. z i yard to another, over the separation wall, by ascending three steps on one side, and descending three on the otlier, as indicated by the section fig. 964. The fodder-cribs, 964 fig. 965, have raised bottoms, grated, in order i f 965 to let the dust and dirt from the turnips "i T drop thi-ough. The hay, when there are cribs r" 1 for the turnips, is given in racks, placed against the back wall of the hovels, as indicated in the plan, fig. 963. This practice seems a decided improvement. 970. liemirks. The threshing-macliine here is driven by steam, which shows a great aavance on the practice of employing horses, and one particularly suitable to a coal country, where fuel must be so much cheaper than horse-food. It will be observed in the plan, that the boiler-house, the cart-shed, the cartwright's shop, and the smithy are kept quite apart botli from the fold-yards and the rick-yard ; which is highly proper, as it prevents all risk from fire getting to straw, and all waste of litter, none being required for this department of the farmery. Taken altogether, this farmery appears one of the most extensive and well-arranged things of the kind that we have seen, and does the liigliest credit to its Architect, Mr. Green. One circumstance we cannot help remarking ; and that is, the commodiousness of the farm house, which contains twenty-eight windows, and twenty-eight apartments; while the dwelling of the bailiff", or superintending hind, as he is called in Northumberland, consists of only one apartment, and one small window. The horses and cows, nay, even the swine, are incomparably better lodged, considering their scale in creation, than the unfortunate occupant of such a cottage as is here shown : but the farmers of Northumberland, like those of Scotland, are under the dominion of an all-powerful aristocracy, and their servants are little better than serfs ; or, as it has been observed in the Morning Chronicle, the landlords are the slave-owners, the farmers the slave-drivers, and their servants the slaves. Design XVI IL — A Farm House and Farmery for Ten Ploughs, Ten Cows, Twenty Young Cattle, and other Live Stock, adapted to the Husbandry of Northumberland. 971. Accommodation. The general appearance is shown in fig. 966, and the ground plan in fig. 967. In the latter, the house contains a kitchen, a ; dining-room, b ; parloui-, 966 f, separated from the dining-room by a large hall or lobby ; office, or place of business, d; dairy, e ; covered passage, open in front,/; back-kitchen, and dairy-scullery, 5- ; privy for servants, h; best privy, i ; kitchen court, k; place for ashes, I; and walled kitchen- irarden, m. The farmery contains in the barn a comjiartment for unthreshed corn, 1 ; another for threshed corn, 2 ; a space for machinery, 3 ; and a large straw-house, 4. At one end of the straw-house is a stair to a granary which extends over the straw-house and cattle- sheds 5 and 6. The cattle-sheds, or hammels, are of three kinds ; hammels for beeves upon turnips, 5 ; hammels for stirks, 38 ; and hammels for store cattle on straw, 6. Every hammel has its yard ; those for the cattle on straw, 39, being largest, because