Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/495

 FARM HOUSES AND 1' AllMKlHES IN VARIOUS STYLES. 1-7 1 battens to the heif^ht of 2 feet 6 inches. Fothcrums are not always introduced in cattle- sheds (see the sections, &c. ). 952. Feedinp-houses. The feeding-houses are divided into stills of 12 feet 6 inches each (either with stone or timber); and the Iiayracks are placed alojig the tops of these partitions, nearly in the form of two sides of an equilateral triangle, at the height of about 4 feet 6 inches from tlu; floor. These racks extend from the feeding-cribs to the front of the covered part of the shed. The feeding-cribs are constructed similar to stable- mangers, but they are to be 18 inches wide and 10 inches deep, and are raised 9 to 12 inches above the level of the floor. The partition between the crib and the fotherum is to be of Ig-inch battens. These cribs may be of wood, or they may be constructed of similar materials to those of the byres. The byre partitions may be of timber, where stone cannot be procured. 953. Gati's. The gates of the court-yards, &c., are all to be constructed as shown by the plans ; and they are to be hung with stout crooks and bands (hooks and strap hinges). The gates, and all the outside doors, the stable and granary windows, are to be finished with three coats of oil paint. Design XIII. — A Farm House and Fanner// for 100 Acres of Land to be cidtivatcd on the Norfolk System, with a Flour Mill dricen by Wind. 954. Accommodation. The general appearance is shown in the isometrical view, p. 473. The gromid plan, tig. 948, exhibits a dwellirig-house, containing a parlour, I ; kitchen, 2 ; counting-house or keeping-room, 3 ; store-room, 4 ; pantry, 5 ; wash-house and brewhouse, 6 ; and dairy, 7. Over these are two large bed-rooms with fireplaces, and four other bed-rooms without fireplaces. The farmery contains a central building of two stories, in which, on the ground floor, are, a passage to the mill, which serves also as a foddering-passage, 8 ; a place for turnips, 9 ; for calves, 10 ; for four cows, 1 1, over which there are a granary, and a retail shop for flour, lighted by glazed tiles (tig. 947) of cast iron (weight four pounds and a quarter, price, unglazed, 047 8f/., glazed, I s. -id. ) from the roof ; a house for six oxen, 1 2 ; for chafF, 13 ; the mill, 14 ; the barn, 15 ; the cart-house stable, with hayloft over, 1 6 ; lean cattle lodge or shed, 1 7 ; (he harness-room, 1 S ; piggeries, 1 9 ; cart lodge, 20 ; drive- way to the mill, 21; hackney stable, with hayloft over, 22; customers' stable, 23 ; colt stable, 24 ; and gig-house, 25. There are two ample yards, 26 and 27, for the lean cattle and the colts ; and two also, 28 and 29, for the piggeries. 955. Remarks. This plan has been furnished us by William Thorold, Esq., Architect and Engineer, of Norwich, accompanied by the following obseirations : — " The capital required to carry on a mill must necessarily limit the size of the farm. We will, there- fore, take a farm of 100 acres of land, four fifths being arable, and the remainder in grass ; and we will suppose the mill competent to grind thirty quarters of corn per week, twenty of which would be manufactured into flour and sold, and the remaining ten used as grist for the neighbourhood ; the mill being supposed to be situated in a rural district. The mill should have a threshing-machine and hay-cutter attached to it ; the threshing- machine to be made capable of drawing, that is, of husking, trefoil, clover, and other small seeds. Pumps can also be added in situations where water is at a great depth, which will often occm' in places proper for a windmill. A number of pigs may be kept, to eat up the offal of the mill ; and this will, of course, require buildings for their reception more extensive than the piggeries on a common farm, while the buildings for the other cattle are fewer in proportion. The mill is placed in the centre, for the sake of uni- formity and economj-. It is necessary to have one side of it accessible to waggons, and also in case of repairs being done to the sails. The piggeries I have placed on the north side ; knowing, from experience, that they are intolerable in summer, if near the house. In constructing the mill, a horse walk should be added to it, in order that the machinery of the mill may be occasionally worked with that power. There is stabling for four farm horses, and for two hackney or trade horses, besides a loose stable for customers' horses : there is also a cow-house for four cows ; stalls for six grazing bullocks ; and a lodge for lean cattle. This will generally sufiiee for milling and farming as it is carried on in Norfolk. The house contains a parlour and kitchen, with a brewhouse and wash-house combined, on the ground floor ; and it has six sleeping-rooms in the upper story. It is kept low, in order that it may offer as little obstruction as possible to the wind. The fireplaces for the kitchen and for the oflSce or keeping-room are contrived so that the chimneys noay be conducted under the stairs, and form one stack with the other chimneys. The parlour window is to have French casements, opening in the middle. The mill will cost from .£800 to .£'1000, according to the quantity of machinery employed. The sails