Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/491

 FARM HOUSES AND FARMERIES IN VARIOUS STYLES. 467 916. Catacombs, or Bins. The spirit cellar is to have two tiers of catacombs (bins) along the side of it, with divisions over the second tier to form a third tier. These cata- combs are all to be of plain droved work. 917. I'artitions. The thin i)artition walls arc to be constructed with hard-burnt bricks. 918. Dwarf fVaUs. Dwarf walls, 12 inches thick, are to he constructed to support the sleepers of the floors of the two parlours, bed-rooms, &c., on the groimd (or first) floor. Stones of droved work, 8 inches thick, are to be built into the high walls, along the lines of the roofs of the low buiklings that join the high ones, for the purpose of inserting lead aprons to cover the joinings of the slates, &c., vi-ith the high walls. AH the rubble and brick buildings are to be built with strong well prepared lime mortar ; and all the hewn works are to be set with lead and oil putty. 9 1 9. Carpenter's Work. Inside Lintels. The inside lintels of the door and window spaces are to be of British oak, free from sapwood : they are to be not less than 6 inches square, and to have at least 12 inches of bond (or wall-hold) on each end. 920. Roofs. The roofs are to be constructed as shown by the plans ; and the scantlings of the timber are to be of the sizes figured thereon ; the small couples (couples of the narrow houses) and half couples (liip and valley rafters) are to be placed at no greater distance from each other than 16 inches between their centres. The diagonal and alley l)eams are to be 9 inches by 2 inches. The slate laths are to be sawn ones, 1 inch and a half by five eighths of an inch. 921. Joists. The joists and sleepers of the principal part of the house are to be of Memel timber; those of the chamber floor are to be 10 inches deep, and 2 inches thick; and they are not to be more than 14 inches apart ; they are to have two tiers of bracing (strutts, nailed diagonally between the joists, to keep them firm) to the floor of each room, which bracing is to be 9 inches deep by 1 inch and a quarter thick. The sleepers are to be 5 inches deep, and 2 inches thick ; they are to be supported by the dwarf walls formerly specified, and they are not to be more than 1 4 inches apart. The joists over the kitchen, scullery, &c., are to be 9 inches by 2 inches, and placed 14 inches apart ; they are to have two tiers of bracing, similar to those specified for the other floor. 922. Flooring. The flooring is to be at least 1 inch and an eighth thick when finished, and none of the boards are to exceed 6 inches in breadth ; they are all to be feathered and grooved, and nailed through the feather edge, and the wood employed is to be perfectly sound and seasoned. 923. Partitions. Those partitions in the chamber floor that are to be constructed with timber, are to have the stiles 4 inches by 1 inch and a half, and placed at no greater distance from each other than 1 2 inches between their centres : they are to be properly braced. 924. Doorcases. The doorcases (or jambs) are to be constructed with timber 2 inclies thick, but their breadth must be regulated by the thickness of the respective walls into which they are placed ; and their size is shown by the plans. 925. Stoothing (quartering). The whole of the insides of the external walls are to be properly stoothed (battened) ; the wall-straps (battens, or pieces of o^uartering on which to nail the laths) are to be 1 inch and a quarter thick, by seven eighths of an inch, and placed at no greater distance from each other than 12 inches between their centres; the wall docks (plugs of wood) are not to be more than 16 inches apart. N. B. If whinstones are to be employed in building the inside walls, and the insides of the external ones, bond timber must be used ; and large blocks of timber must be built into proper situations to receive the bell wires, &c. 926. Doors. The framings and mouldings, &c., of the doors are all to coi'respond in size with their respective sections ; those of the first or ground floor are to be hung with 5-inch double-jointed hinges, and those of the chamber story are to be hung with 4i-inch double-jointed hinges. The locks of the principal rooms are to be 7-inch mortise ones, value each 10s. 6d. The entrance-door to have one, value 15s. All the other doors are to have each a rim lock, value 6s. The spirit-cellar lock is to have a copper bolt, and its value is to be 8s. All the press doors are to have suitable press locks, value each 3s. 6c?. 927. Windoivs. The windows, including the skylights, are to be good astragal (the bars with astragal mouldings) ones ; the sash frames of those of the first floor are to be 2 inches thick ; the frames of all the others are to be 2 inches thick. They are all to be glazed with second crown glass, and to be finished with three coats of lead and oil paint. They are all to he double hung (each sash is to be hung) with axle pulleys, and best window line. The skylights to be hung on the upper parts, ends with pivot hinges, and each to have a hinged rack for holding them up or down. 928. Witidow Shutters. All the windows are to have framed shutters ; the fi-amings and mouldings'^to correspond with their respective sections. Those in the principal rooms of the first floor are to liave framed back-laps (jiarts of the shutter that fold behind the part seen) to correspond with the shutters. The shutters are to be himg with 3-inch hinges, and the back-laps with 1 j ijich back-lap hinges.