Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/210

 186 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. Design LV. — A Cottage of One Story, with Four Rooms, a Kitchent Back Kitchen, ani other Conveniences. 372. Accommodalio7i. There are a large lobby, a, and kitchen, h, with a closet between; bed-room, c; parlour from the lobby, d; three bed-rooms, e, f, and g ; cow-house, cellar, or place for wood, /; ; dairy, i ; pantry, k ; and privy, I. 373. Construction. The walls, in such a building as the present, may be all formed of mud ; because they have nothing more to carry than their own weight, and that of the roof. The weight on them of the latter, which is thatched, is diminished on three sides by the columns of the veranda, or, as the Romans would have called it, the portico. Such a design is also particularly suitable for brick on edge walls ; and having already (§ 336) explained Dearn's method of building such walls, w-e shall now describe a similar kind, invented by Mr. Silverlock of Chichester, and practised by bim in the erection of garden walls, hot-houses, and cottages. 374. Silverlock's hollow ivalls are constructed of bricks set on edge, each course or layer consisting of an alternate series of two bricks placed edgewise, and one laid across ; form- ing a thickness of nine inches, and a series of cells, each cell nine inches in the length way of the wall, four inches broad, and four inches and a half deep. The second course being laid in the same way, but the position of the bricks alternating, or breaking joint with the first, the result will evidently be a hollow wall, with communicating vacuities of the above-stated dimensions, equally distributed from the bottom to the top of the wall. 329 I Fig. 329 shows the plan and elevation of such a wall, which differs only from the hollow wall of Dearn (fig. 306.) in being carried up in Flemish instead of English bond. At m is shown the manner in which piers may be built in such walls, so as to prefect equally on both sides of the wall, with a view to the north and south walls of gardens, both sides of which are equally valuable for training fruit trees. Fig. 330 shows how a pier may be built on one side of the wall only, with a view to the east and west walls of 330 gardens, the south sides of which are chiefly valu- able for fruit trees, and to the walls of cottages, which should be made smooth in the inside ; while, on the outside, the piers, independently of the strength which they add to the walls, will form sources of architectural beauty. These walls have been built by Mr. Silverlock in a number of places, as garden walls, to the height of ten or twelve feet, and with very few piers. The saving is one brick in three ; but the bricks and the mortar must be of the best quality. One great advantage of n — n n —