Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/174

 150 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. 300. Sundries — The erection of the wash-house will amount to 16 : Oven and copper 14 ; Well, fifty feet deep, including bucket and tackle 30 : Erection of a privy 5 : Fifty feet of drain 2: Two hundred and forty-three feet lineal of three-quarter-inch deal, planed, to the eaves, soffit, and fascia 4 : Two hundred and forty-three feet in length of cast-iron gutter to the eaves 7 ; Seventy-two feet lineal of two-inch cast-iron pipe 2 : Six heads and six shoes to the pipe, and four angles to the gutter ... 2 : s. (I. 8 ;



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Total (£98 : lOs. : lO^d. per dwelling, or) £ 591 : 5 : 2 301. The aforesaid prices are prime cost ; but if a builder be employed, a profit must be added, according to the mode of payment. 302. Remarks. For the foregoing very economical and convenient design, specifi- cation, and estimate, we are indebted to Mr. W. Laxton, Surveyor, Holborn Bars, London ; well known among professional men as the author of Laxton s Builders Price Book. We have given it exactly as received, in order that the specification and estimate might apply to the engravings ; and we shall now show how we think it might be improved; though, of course, by adding to the expense. The first thing which we shall suggest is, the building of the walls with brick on edge, in the manner of Deain or Silverlock, both to be hereafter described. According to Dearn's mode, a saving of one tliird in the number of bricks would be obtained, at once deducting £"46 : "is. : 6d. from the estimate, besides producing walls which would keep tlie apartments within warmer in winter, and cooler in summer. By raising the general floor of these dwellings two feet or three feet above the level of the surrounding surface, according to the nature of the soil and subsoil, and by having the oven in a sunk area three feet deep, a flue might be con- ducted from it under the ground floor of every apartment, as explained under Design I., § 34. Over the oven might be placed a box boiler, from which a flat tube, six inches by three inches, might be conducted horizontally under the floors of all the rooms on the ground floor ; by which they woidd be sufficiently heated. If an underground smoke flue were employed, it would be necessary to have the floor paved, at least in part, with tiles or flag stones j but if a hot water pipe were conducted round the building, in the direction of the dotted line i i i, in fig. 267, a boarded floor might be used. 303. Privy. In the yard there ought unquestionably to be two privies, one for each sex J and these might, at a very little expense, be rendered water-closets ; not by a cis- tern over them, the water in which would be liable to be frozen in winter ; but by a cistern in the wash-house, which would, at the same time, supply water for washing and other purposes. Basins should be placed in the privies, as shown in fig. 13, § 38, and, in order to prevent the waste of water, an arrangement may be made only to admit a little to the basin, every time the door is opened and shut. For this purpose, in addition to the simple and efficient plans described under § 39, we shall here exhibit a less perfect one employed in the British Museum. In this example, which will be understood from fig. 269, as soon as the door of the water-closet is opened beyond a right angle, the