Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/170

 146 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. is almost certain to leak, or to become choked up, more especially when the roof is thatched. The building, however, is so far expressive of its purposes, that it can never oe mistaken for any thing else than a cottage ; and, on the whole, is ratlier picturesqu j than otherwise. Design XL. Two Cottages of Three Rooms each, under the same Roof, u'ith Cow-hou.<;, Pii'stu, <ind other Conveniences to each. 285. Accommodation. Each dwelling contains a porch, a ; kitchen, b ; back-kitchen, c; dairy, d; store closet, <?; two bed-rooms, / and g; privy, A place for fuel, i ; pigsty, k • and cow-house, I. Where neither cows nor pigs are kept, the cow-house may, with propriety, be used as a root-cellar and place for fuel, and the pigsty as a dusthole ; or, k and i may be got out of the space occii- pied by / ; and tliu« the whole of the con- veniences required may be obtained under one simple parallelogram roof. 286. Construction. The walls are shown of such a thickness as to admit of their being constructed of stone, or of earth, and the roof may be of slate: the eaves, where the roof projects over the porch, are supported in, , /. i ,^ the manner exhibited in the section, fig. 264, or in fig. 26j, both to a scale of half an inch to a foot, as double or single rafters may be required. 287. General Esti- mate. Cubic contents, 26,304 feet, at 6d. per foot, £657 : 12s. ; at M., ig438 : 8s. ; and ■At 3d., £328: 1 6s. 288. Remarks. Con- sidered as the lowest description of cottages, for country labourers these dwellings are commodious, and are calculated for being executed at a moderate charge. The walls in the ground plan are shown of more than the usual thickness, be- cause they are supposed to be built of earth, with the exception of the chimney stacks. The partitions- between the closets may be formed of brick nogging on edge, fig. 266. The floors may be paved with bricks, tiles, or flag stone ; or formed of gravel or mortar mixed together, and laid down immediately, then beat smooth, and covered with a thin coat of cement. Of whatever earthy materials the floors are made, they must be heated by a flue from the })ack kitchen ; because, otherwise, the dwelling would be cold and uncomfortable in winter. This flue will not re- quire the fire to be lighted more than two or three times a week ; because, if the floor be constructed as directed in describing Design 1., it will retain the heat communicated to it by the flue for several days. If the floors be made of boards, the flue maybe dispensed with; because, in that case, there will be a vacuity between the boards and the soil of, at least, two feet. The bottom of this vacuity should be, 266 1 1 1 1 1 1