Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/168

 144 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. SCO <ii &p 1 i i ji ^ {^ <-MI(5^ Jf} © ^'??? ft (^ B Olf^ ^ & fi © & / /' ~m _^ regular cultivation), between tUe dotted lines u r, and v t, and the back part of the garden w. The reason for the range, precisely within which the trees must be planted, will be sufficiently obvious to all who have the slightest idea of perspective. Trees scattered along the boundary of the garden, from u to w, and from w to v, would never disguise any part of the house from a spectator walking along the outside of the boundary, because they would be too near the eye ; and treey scattered any where between the dotted lines n r and x, and t v and x, would be of no use in disguising the lines of a roof, or indeed any other object, situated between r and s, or between s and t. When the view is uuconfined, the horizontal range of vision taken by the eye is ninety degrees ; and, consequently, a fixed position for the eye being given, the number of trees required to plant out any distant object, filling the whole of this angle, will chiefly depend on the distance of the trees from the eye : on the contrary, when an object, filling a small part only of the angle of vision, is to be concealed from a variety of points, through all of which the eye may range, the number of trees required will increase in proportion to their distance from the object. Thus, it will appear by fig. 260, that sixty-four trees would be required in the boundary hedgerow to hide that part of the house marked r s t, from an eye which could range from u, by w, to v ; whereas sixteen trees would effect the same object, if placed near the platform on which the house stands. In the case of this garden, we neither recommend the hedgerow, u ir v, of sixty-four trees, nor the semicircular row, r t, of sixteen trees ; but, as before observed, we would effect our object by scattering them in the garden at different distances from those parts of the house which are to be concealed. Design XXXIX. — 2'wo Dwellings for Country Labourers, under One Roof, U'lth Two Rooms in each, and other Conveniences. 281. Accommodation. The ground plan, fig. 261, shows the following accom- modation for each cottage: — a projecting open porch, a; entrance lobby, h; kitchen or living-room, c, with a closet under the stair; back kitchen, rf, from which the whole might be heated ; place for fuel or roots, e ; privy, f; and cow-house, g. On the chamber floor there are one good bed-room and a closet to each dwelling. There is a small yard to each cow-house, with a pigsty, h ; dung-pit, i ; and a liquid manure tank, k. There is a grass-plot to each cottage ; and a garden in front, and along one side ; behind may be a grass field or lawn. 282. Construction. " The walls," observes our contributor, " may be of stone, or mud ; the roofs may be thatched with straw or reeds, and wattled down at the ridge with hazel rods, as shown in the elevation. The M'indows may be latticed, having the lintels, sills, and rabhct-hcads, ivc. plastered (the raliliet-head of a window is a Scotch