Page:An Elementary History of Art.djvu/419

 In Italy. 389 others, even of the most gifted masters, we find the influence of the intellect or of the affections predominating, whilst in those of Raphael they are inseparably blended ; and it is this union of the highest faculties which produces that beautiful and unrivalled harmony which pervades everything from his hand. He exhibited in the highest degree the combination of the powers of invention with those of representation, sometimes known as the formative and imitative qualities. In invention, composition, moral force, fidelity of portraiture, and feeling for spiritual beauty, he is surpassed by none ; in grandeur of design by Michel- angelo alone ; whilst in fulness of chiaroscuro and richness of colouring he is only excelled by the best masters of the Venetian School. It will be impossible, having regard to our limited space, to do more than allude in the most cursory manner to the chief of Raphael's numerous works. Although he died at the early age of thirty-seven, he executed no less than 287 pictures and 576 drawings and studies, in addition to the series of frescoes in the Vatican and elsewhere. Of the paintings executed under Perugino, the principal are a Coronation of the Virgin, in the Vatican, two studies for which are in the Oxford Collection ; and the Vision of a Knight, in the National Gallery. The earliest inde- pendent works are said to have been a Church-banner in S. Trinita at Citta da Castello ; and a Crucifixion, in the possession of Lord Dudley, which was exhibited at the "Old Masters" Exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1872. On leaving Perugino's school in 1504, at the age of twenty-one, Raphael, eager to improve himself by the study of greater works than his master's, repaired to