Page:An Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal.djvu/337

 Kinda, ' make.'

This, as a principal verb, has all the forms of the simple suffixes except Xo. 1 1, and many of the compound ones ; as, kinda-bulela, kinda-galoroby, itc. It sometimes takes the form, though rarely, of kigge, and, as such, enters into composition with other verbs ; but the usual method of compounding it with verbs is to omit the 1c, and use only the terminations ; as, bo-ale, ' be great,' bo-indale, 'be made great.' In the Minyug dialect, when two words are brought together, it is common for the second to lose its initial consonant. Kinda itself is a derivative from da, which is in use to turn nouns and adjectives into verbs; as, umbin, ' a house,' umbin-da, ' make a house.'

Ba, 'cause to be.'

Ba, as a locative, is also a noun-suffix, but, like da, it helps to convert other words into verbs ; as, kirriba, ' awake.' As already noticed, it enters into comjiosition with verbs, lengthening their forms, at times, without adding to or altering their meaning. As part of a principal verb, it generally has the meaning of ' cause to be'; as, nyarry, 'a name,' nyarri-ba, 'give a name' or 'cause to have a name.' It is also attached to the past tense, and is often used whena secondary verb isina sentence ; e.g., monno webaro kunjillinneban nobo, 'that lire will be lighted' (made to burn) to-morrow.'

Ma, 'make,' 'cause to be there,' 'cause' generally.

This is one of the most important vei-bal suffixes in the language. As a noun-siiffix, it has the sense of 'in,' and many of its derivative words have the idea of ' rest in a place,' and not of causation. Maia means 'in a place,' while haia means 'go to a place.' Wai- maia means 'it is above'; waikaia, 'go above.' It is evident that ma originally meant both ' there ' and ' cause to be ' generally. But, after all, there is nothing strange in this. Even now, with all the variation of forms, a good deal of the meaning of a speaker depends upon the tone of the voice or the gesture of the hand. We can conceive of a demonstrative as meaning (1) 'there,' (2) 'go there,' (3) 'be there,' (4) 'cause to he there,' according to the tone of voice and the subject of conversation. Any adjective can take this .■suffix; as, yilyul, 'sick,' yilyiil-ma, 'caiise to be sick'; dukkai, 'dead,' dukai-ma, 'to kill.' It enters into composition with adverbs of place as well ; as, with wai, 'above,' and kully, kundy, q.v., it gives waikalkullima, ' put crosswise,' waikxmdima, 'put on.'

It sometimes follows adjectives ; as, bunyarra-ma yerrubil,

'make a good song'; and sometimes pronouns; as, kaibi-ma

junag, 'make another handle.' With verbs, it is sometimes

attached to the imperative form ; as, kory, 'run,' kori-ma, 'make

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