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 364 Amongt thee, the Vowels not commonly owned by us in writing, are thee four, ɑ, ɩ, ȣ, ỿ. But that they are ditinct pecies of Vowels, and have peculiar powers of their own, not expreible by any other Letters, (uppoing every Letter (as it ought) to be determined to one particular ound) may ufficiently appear from the above mentioned, and everal other Intances. And that thoe two which are commonly ued with us for ditinct Vowels; namely, the third and the fifth, I, and ; as in the words Light, Lute, are not imple Vowels, but Dipthongs, I hall hew afterwards.

Though the Vowel (O) do not admit of any intance in our Language, wherein it is ued Short, nor the Vowel (ỿ) wherein it is ued Long; yet there are naturally uch differences of thee Vowels, as well as of the ret. Suppoe a long Vowel to be divided into two parts; as Bo-ote, pronounce it then with half the time, and it mut make the hort Vowel Bote. And thus on the contrary, doubling the time of a hort Vowel, as Bỿ-ỿt, will render it Long: which may erve to explain how thee Vowels naturally are capable of being made both long and hort; Though by reaon of general diue amongt us, uch differences would at firt eem omewhat difficult, and not eaily ditinguihable.

The Vowel (ɑ) is placed firt; partly partly in conformity with other Alphabets, and becaue 'tis the mot Apert amongt the Lingua-palatal Vowels. 'Tis expreed by this Character, becaue being one of the Greek Letters, 'tis more commonly known. 'Tis framed by an emiion of the Breath, betwixt the Tongue and the Palate; the tongue being put into a more concave poture, and removed further off from the palate.

The Vowel (a) is framed by an emiion of the Breath, betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate; the upper uperficies of the tongue being rendered les concave, and at a les ditance from the palate.

The Vowel (e) is framed by an emiion of the Breath, betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate, the upper superficies of the tongue being brought to ome mall degree of convexity.

The Vowel (ɩ) is expreed by this Character, becaue 'tis the mot imple figure; and therefore doth bet uit with the mot acute Letter; as likewie, becaue this Letter, amongt many other Nations is already ued and pronounced according to the ound which is here intended. 'Tis framed by an emiion of the Breath betwixt the tongue and the concave of the palate, the upper uperficies of the tongue being put into a more convex poture, and thrut up near the palate.

The Vowel (o) is the firt, and mot apert of the Labials; being framed by an emiion of the Breath, betwixt the Lips, a little drawn together and contracted.

The Vowel (ȣ) is the econd of the Labials, requiring a greater contraction of the Lips. 'Tis expreed by this Character, which is ued in Greek for ου Dipthong; becaue commonly that Dipthong, as alo the French ou is pronounced in the ound of this imple Vowel.

The Vowel (ỿ) is wholly Guttural, being an emiion of the breath from the throat, without any particular motion of the tongue or lips. 'Tis expreed by this Character which is alraedy appropriated by the Welh for the picture of this ound. Rh