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NAME MARTIN 764 MARTIN confreres. About 1797 he married Alice Pen- nock and had six children. After his uncle's death there is not much told of his scien- tific work and he died on the thirteenth of October, 1813. Some American Medical Botanists. H. A. Kelley, 1914. Sketch by Dr. Wm. T. Sharpless. West Chester Daily News, Nov. 22, 1895. Memorials of Bartram and Marshall, Wm. Dar- lington, 1849. The Botanists of Philadelphia. J. W. Harsh- berger, 1899. Martin, Ennalls (1758-1834) He was born at "Hampden," in Talbot County, Maryland, August 23, 1758, the son of Thomas and Mary Ennalls Martin. At a very early age he was sent to Newark Acad- emy, Delaware, where he did well as a Latin and Greek scholar. In 1777 he was taken to Philadelphia by his father and put under Dr. William Shippen (q. v.), the anatomist, then surgeon-general of the Continental Army, who assigned him to duty in the apothecary depart- ment. As the army was greatly in need of surgeons, particularly for the hospitals, and as young Martin proved himself an unusually apt scholar, he soon received a commission from Congress as hospital surgeon's mate, with the understanding that he was to attend the med- ical school of Philadelphia, then conducted by the Profs. Shippen, Rush, and Kuhn. He was at once stationed at Bethlehem Hospital, and took his M. B. in 1782 from the University of Pennsylvania. Meanwhile he was appointed demonstrator of anatomy by Shippen, to which work he applied himself with great zeal and became a skilled dissector, sometimes even taking Shippen's place. To show Martin's zeal and faithfulness it is said that during his five years' service he left his station but twice, once to visit his father, who was an ex- tensive farmer, tanner, and tobacco planter, and again to go on to Saratoga to bring away the sick and wounded after the defeat of Burgoyne. Martin settled in practice at Talbot Court House, afterwards called Easton, although Shippen did everything to induce him to re- main in Philadelphia. He was an occasional contributor to the Medical Repository, then the only medical periodical in the country. He was inflexible in carrying out the treat- ment which his judgment suggested. It was useless to object, and he was known repeat- edly to take a recalcitrant patient by the nose and force the medicine down his throat. His bluntness and brusqueness caused his patients to fear him and his colleagues to apply to him the soubriquet — "Abernethy of Talbot." He was the first to introduce vaccination into Talbot, and by his strong force of will to overcome the prejudice against it. He was one of the founders and incorpo- rators of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland in 1799, was its orator in 1807, and became president in 1815, holding the office until 1820 when he declined further election. The subject of his oration was "Fever." He was also the author of "An Essay on the epidemics in the winters of 1813 and 1814 in Talbot and Queen Anne's Counties, Maryland," read at the annual convention of the Faculty in 1815, and was engaged on a work on the diseases of the Eastern Shore of Maryland, at the time of his death. He died at Easton, December 16, 1834, at seventy- six, after an active professional life of over fifty-two years. He left a large family. His wife, Sarah Haywood Martin, died June 3, 1835, aged sixty-eight. He received the honorary degree of M. D. from the University of Maryland in 1818. ^^^^^^ p Cordell. For sketch and portrait of Dr. Martin, see Cor- dell's Medical Annals of Maryland, 1903. Martin, George (1826-1886) George Martin, a Philadelphia botanist, was born near Claymont, Delaware County, Penn- sylvania, in 1826, going as a boy to the West Town Friends' School and afterwards to the University of Pennsylvania where he took his M. D. in 1849. He first practised at Con- cordville, Delaware, for some three years, then for five at the Fifth Street Dispensary, and then worked with his cousin, John M. Sharp- less, at the chrome works of the latter. Dur- ing the war he helped in the military hospitals in Chester and settled in West Chester about 1866, remaining there until his death in that town on October 28, 1886. He was a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia and from 1878 had devoted much time to myco- logical studies, especially in the examination of the parasitic leaf fungi and only a few days before his death had completed "A Synopsis of the North American Species of Septoria" as a continuation of a series of myological papers he had already contributed. He was also a zealous botanist and in close association with the leading botanists of the day. His writings included : "New Florida Fungi" (Journal of Mycology, i, 97) ; "Syn- opsis of the North American Species of Asterina, etc." {Ibid., i. 133, 145): "New Fungi" (Ibid., ii, 128); "The Phyllostictas of North .'America" (Ibid., ii, 13. 25). John W. Harshberger. The Botanists of Philadelphia, J. W. Harsh- berger, 1899.