Page:American Medical Biographies - Kelly, Burrage.djvu/770

NAME MC LAUGHLIN 748 MACLEAN where Laurence was born in 1817. He had his medical education in Edinburgh and took the diploma of the Royal College of Surgeons there. After graduation he began to prac- tice in Richibucto, New Brunswick, where he remained twenty-iive years. Then he re- moved to St. John, New Brunswick, and con- tinued in active work there until a short time before his death, which took place in Septem- ber, 1892. He was especially distinguished as a surgeon, and did a goodly number of important and successful operations, among which we may mention ligature of the common carotid artery and several lithotomies. He was at one time ' a member of the New Brunswick Medical Council, and for several years was on the staff of the St. John Public Hospital. His wife was Jane M. Jardine of Liver- pool, and they had ten children. Two of his sons studied medicine, and graduated at the university of Edinburgh. Alfred. B. Withington. McLaughlin, James Wharton (1840-1909) James Wharton McLaughlin is best known for his indefatigable labors in the search for truth in the chemical and biological labora- tories, his researches as to the causes of im- munity and infection, and especially his dis- covery of the bacillus of dengue, the results of which were published in the medical jour- nals of America and Europe. Briefly summed up, his record is that he was born on September 7, 1840, and came south just prior to the Civil War, enlisting as a private soldier in Company D, First Kentucky Infantry (C. S. A.). He served through the entire war with Johnson, Jack- son, Morgan and Forrest, then settled in La Grange, Texas, studied medicine, and gradu- ated at Tulane University, New Orleans, in 1867. He met and married in September, 1867, Tabitha Bird Moore, of Fayette County, and returning to La Grange practised medicine until 1869, then removed to Austin, Texas, and died there on November 13, 1909, survived by his wife, three sons. Dr. Bird McLaughlin, of New York; Dr. Cyrus McLaughlin, of Cali- fornia, and Dr. James W. McLaughlin, Jr., of Austin, and three daughters, Evelyn, Min- nie and Frances. He practised for forty years in Austin save for an interval of eight years when he occu- pied the chair of practice in the University of Galveston. In 1894 he was president of the Texas State Medical Association and a university regent. His interest in his work was very keen even to the end. The Mayos of Rochester had extirpated his entire cervical and maxillary glandular system in the desperate hope of arresting the dread cancer, which, beginning on the lip, spread downwards. His paper — his favorite theme — "Theory of Immunity by Wave Interference and Catalysis" — as opposed to that of Ehrlich — had only recently appeared in the New York Medical -Record, and a week before he died he discussed his presidential address for the Texas Academy of Science on the subject of Ehrlich's "Side Chain Theory of Immunity," which Dr. Hilgartner was to read for him. Some of his other papers were: "Researches into the Etiology of Dengue," 1886; "An Explanation of the Phenomena of Immunity and Contagion Based on the Action of Physical and Biological Laws," 1890; "Fermentation, Infection and Immunity," 1892, and "The Bacteriology of Dengue," 1896. Davina Waterson. The Texas Medical Journal, Dec, 1909. Phys. and Surgs. of America, I. A. Watson, Concord, N. H., 1896. Maclean, John (1771-1814) After the year 1796, when the faculty of Princeton College, then the college of New Jersey, consisted of the president, one pro- fessor and two or three tutors, John Maclean, recently arrived from a European trammg, was the one professor. He taught chemistry for seventeen years to the students of the col- lege and to students of medicine in the sur- rounding country; during a part of that time he wad in addition professor of mathematics, natural philosophy and natural history. John Maclean was borii in Glasgow, Scot- land, March 1, 1771. His father, for whom he was named, was a surgeon both in civil and military service, and was present at the capture of Quebec, when he was the third man who succeeded in scaling the Heights of Abraham. Before going to Canada he mar- ried Agnes Lang of Glasgow and John was their youngest child. On his return the father practised surgery in Glasgow until his death. Deprived of his parents while yet young, the son was educated at the Glasgow Gram- mar School and at the University of Glasgow, showing proficiency in Latin and chemistry, and being a member of the Chemical Society. He owed much to a Mr. Charles Macintosh, four years older than he, who stimulated and assisted him in the preparation of papers on chemical subjects before the college society. Determining to become a surgeon he attended lectures on anatomy, botany and midwifery and repaired to Edinburgh where he sat under