Page:American Medical Biographies - Kelly, Burrage.djvu/694

NAME KNIGHT 672 KNIGHT contribution presented was the paper of Dr. Knight on "Retro-Pharyngeal Sarcoma." Dr. Knight was elected third president of the association and in 1880 founded the "Ar- chives of Laryngology," a magazine devoted to the study of diseases of the upper air pass- ages. The editorial staff was composed of four of the leading laryngologists of the time, namely, Louis Elsberg (q. v.), J. Solis-Cohen, George M. Lefferts and Frederick Knight. Terminated at the end of four years, it re- mains today the most elegant and best edited periodical on laryngology that has ever ap- peared. Under such management as controlled it, and with the vastly increased number of specialists in the field, there is no doubt that to-day it would be an acknowledged success. Dr. Knight was a pioneer in the movement against tuberculosis, and he was an incorpor- ator and vice-president of the Boston Medical Library. He was a member of the American Acad- emy of Arts and Sciences, ex-president of the American Climatological Association and a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety. D. BrYSON DELAV.'>f. Abridged from a memorial sketch by Dr. D. Bryson Delavan, New York, 1909. Portrait. Knight, James (1810-1887) James Knight deserves credit for having es- tablished orthopedic surgery in New York City, and to a certain extent in the country at large, upon a broad basis of philanthrophy. He was intensely altruistic and a competent organizer, as his inception and development of the Hos- pital for the Ruptured and Crippled atnply demonstrated. Dr. Knight was born at Tancytown, Fred- erick County, Maryland, on February 14, 1810. He was the son of Samuel Knight, a manufacturer of military implements, and graduated from Washington Medical College, Baltimore, in March, 1832, moving to New York in 183.S. Here he devoted himself to the study of orthopedic surgery at the suggestion of Dr. Valentine Mott (q. v.), after the year 1840. From 1842 to 1844 he assisted in the orthopedic treatment of patients who attended the public clinics of the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York. As early as 1842 he had taken steps toward the establishment of a hospital for cripples, but it was not until after a campaign lasting from 1859 to 1863 that the articles of incor- poration of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled were filed on April 13, 1863. Dr. Knight was in charge of this work from the first. His own house at 97 Second Avenue was first leased for three years and then purchased as a hospital. In it were twenty-eight beds. During the first year 50 indoor and 778 out-patients were cared for. In May, 1870, the new building at 42nd Street and Lexington Avenue was ready to occupy. Dr. Knight continued in charge of the institu- tion until his death, October 24, 1887. Knight was a member of the Medico-Chirur- gical Faculty of Maryland, the District Med- ical Society of Ohio, the County Medical So- ciety of the City of New York, the Medical Journal Association of the City of New York, fellow of the New York Academy of Med- icine, a life member of the New York Society for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, and also of the American Mu- seum of Natural History, an honorary member of the New York Historical Society, and a fellow of the Academy of Design. He pub- lished works on "The Improvement of the Health of Children and Adults by Natural Means" in 1868, "Orthopedia, or a Practical Treatise on the Aberrations of the Human Form," in 1874, and "State Electricity as a Therapeutic Agent," in 1882. H. WiNNETT Orr. Knight, Jonathan (1789-1864) Jonathan Knight was born in Norwalk, Con- necticut, September 4, 1789, the son and grand- son of physicians. At the age of fifteen he entered Yale College, graduated four years later, in 1798, and then had charge of an acad- emy at Norwich, Connecticut, for two years. At the expiration of this time he was appointed a tutor at Yale. W'hile there the establishment of a medical department was discussed, and Prof. Benjamin Silliman (q. v.), then profes- sor of chemistry in the college, suggested Knight for the chair of physiology and anat- omy. To equip himself better for this po- sition, he spent the winters of 1811 and 1812 in Philadelphia, so that in 1813 he was ready to do the work. This position he held tmtil 1838, when, on the death of Dr. Thomas Hub- bard (q. v.), he was transferred to the chair of surgery, which he held until shortly before his death, thus occupying a professorship in the Yale Medical School for fifty-one years, earning great fame as a successful teacher. He became, after the death of Dr. Thomas Hubbard, the leading surgeon in Connecticut. Especially was he familiar with the literature of surgeo'- "Conscientious, forebearing, con- servative, perhaps in all that time of his su- premacy (which continued until his death).