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NAME CHADWICK 203 CHAILLE One life interest of Dr. Chadwick was med- ical libraries. An ardent book-lover, an omnivorous reader, he believed that the library is the heart of our system of education. The formation of the Boston Medical Library in 1875 was brought about by his inspiration, it was his buoyant optimism, his contagious enthusiasm, which interested Oliver W. Holmes in the library. Holmes spoke of him as "the untiring, imperturbable, tenacious, irre- pressible, all-subduing agitator, who gave no sleep to his eyes, no slumber to his eyeHds, until he had gained^ his ends, who neither rested nor let others rest until the success of his project was assured." The building of the library on the Fenway was the result of his initiative and never-ceasing agitation. Dr. Chadwick was called the "Father of Cremation in Xew England," because he was instrumental in reorganizing and putting on a successful basis the decadent New England Cremation Society, founded in 1885. In 1890 he organized the Harvard Medical Alumni .Association and was its president for the first four years of its existence. He was a member and president of the Obstetrical Society of Boston. Among his close friends he numbered such men as Oliver Wendell Holmes, William Osier, S. Weir Mitchell, J. S. Billings and "illiam James. His tempera- ment was that of the poet and the artist. In him were combined versatility and constancy of purpose. Broad-minded and singularly free from narrow prejudices, he could see in an acquaintance or friend those qualities which make for distinction. Dr. Chadwick's death occurred at his sum- mer home in Chocorua, New Hampshire, Sep- tember 23. 1905. ."Among his writings are : "The Pathology and Treatment of Child-bed," F. von Winckel. translated by J. R. Chadwick, 1876; "The Function of the Anal Sphincter, So- called, and the Act of Defecation" (Trans- actions of American Gynecological Society, 1877 ) : "New Gynecological Table" (Amer- ican Journal of Obstetrics, 1878) ; "Obstetrical and Gynecological Literature, 1876-1880" (Transactions of -American Medical Associa- tion, 1881) : "Medical Libraries, Their De- velopment and Use" (Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1896, vol. cxxxiv) ; "Dr. Johann David Schoepff," presidential address at the eighth annual meeting of the Associa- tion of Medical Libraries, Boston, 1905 ; "Cremation of the Dead," 1905. W.^LTER L. BURR.GE. Trans. Amer. Gyn. Soc, W. L. Burrage, 1906, with full bibliography. Bulletin Harvard Alumni .Asso., January, 1906. Chaille, SUnford Emerson (1830-1911) One recalls an alert, energetic, active, soldierly personality, with a slightly bowed head — moving rapidly along Canal Street, New Orleans, from the hospital — or sauntering to and from lectures at the college. A quick greeting — with a half-controlled smile, en- deavoring to hide itself in a brusqueness whicn was at times a marked mannerism of the man. Dogmatic in the teaching of principles, but broadly philosophic in his interpretation of humankind, such was Chaille, the soldier, patriot, citizen, statesman, physician, teache.-, scientist and friend. Even if a narrow horizon prejudiced the opinion of some as to the scope of the ad- ministration of the Medical Department of Tulane University over which he presided, Dean Chaille at all times conserved the prin- ciples of medical pedagogics, saw the future, and builded for it with a policy which at all times dictated that economy in administra- tion was justified by a freedom from debt, and that efficiency must supersede reputation. Yet with the closing years, after his retire- ment, in 1908, no one could have watched more tenderly or with more concern the waxing innovations of a new regime — at places grafted on his own ideas, but in many ways divergent. He came from Huguenot stock, saw the first light in Natchez, Miss., July 9, 1830; spent his student days at Andover, Mass., gradu- ating from Harvard in 1851 as an A. B., in 1854 consummating his A. M. degree. He studied in and graduated from the Medical Department of the University of Louisiana (now Tulane), receiving his M. D. degree in 1853, the university conferring on him her LL. D. in 1901. He served as interne in the Charity Hospital for the prescribed period, and afterwards in the Marine Hospital Serv- ice. He studied three years in Europe, work- ing under Claude Bernard, and, returning, be- came co-editor of the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, a position he held for ten years, and demonstrator of anatomy in the medical school of Tulane, 1858-1861, when he served the Confederacy as surgeon and medical inspector for three years. After the war he returned to his duties as demonstrator of anatomy at the school and in 1858 became professor of physiology, pathology, anatomy and hygiene, filling the office for fifty years, until his retirement in 1908. For the last twenty-three years he was dean of the faculty of medicine. In 1878 he was a member and secretary of the commission appointed by Congress to investigate the cause of yellow fever and next year he was president of the