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 32 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY

Ritschl): "Religion and Social Democracy," in which for the first time in Germany it was shown that socialism is not to be attacked because it is necessarily hostile to Christianity.

1892 Frederick Naumann (pastor, and since 1896 writer and president of the National Social Union): "Christianity and the Family," in which our ideals of marriage, as taught in theo- logical ethics, are tested by actual economic conditions.

1894 Professor Max Weber (economist) and Pastor Paul Gohre (left the pastorate in 1897, and in 1900 became a Social Democrat): "The Agricultural Labor Question in East Prussia." This lecture rested on an investigation started by the Congress, and the results were published by it. It had the effect of awak- ening the passionate enmity of the Conservative party against the Christian Socialists.

1895 Mrs. Gnauk-Kiihne: "The Woman Question." It was the first time that a woman had spoken in a general ecclesiastical assembly. The lecture has permanent value. Since that time the author has become a Roman Catholic.

1898 Pastor Rade (editor of the Christian World}', "The Religious and Moral World of Thought of the Modern Wage- Worker," an address which drew upon new materials in the writings of Social Democrats, and gives a valuable contribution to the psychology of the modern industrial.

This list will indicate how small a number of really funda- mental, pioneer, and novel papers has been produced. During the last four years nothing has been added to the list. Of course, there have been addresses which handled grave questions and aroused deep feeling ; but none to compare with those mentioned for power to arouse discussion in journals and books. Even Harnack's address (1902) on the "Moral and Social Significance of Modern Tendencies of Culture," deeply as it affected the hearers, has not been noticed publicly.

The membership of the Congress has never remained very long over 800. It increased up to 1896, then it stood still, and later declined. In the spring of 1902 there were 779 members. The income of the Congress the first year was about 3,000 marks, in the second less, and later it has fluctuated between 4,000 and