Page:American Journal of Sociology Volume 8.djvu/753

 SOCIAL DIFFERENTIA TION A ND INTEGRA TION 733

it is clear to those who contemplate the great future of mankind that race integration will go on until all the races of men shall be blended into one. Not that the lower races will overslaugh the higher ones, or that the latter will be dragged down to the level of the former, The dominant races will always dominate the product, whatever it may be, but the less forceful elements will enter into it as modifiers. They represent qualities that in moderate proportions will improve and enrich the whole. The final great united world-race will be comparable to a composite photograph in which certain strong faces dominate the group, but in which may also be detected the softening influence of faces characterized by those refining moral qualities which reflect the soul rather than the intellect. This final perfected human race will therefore embody all that is great and good in man.

I am happily not alone in this view of the destiny of man. Others have expressed it, but no one more clearly than the emi- nent anthropologist Professor William H. Holmes, head of the Bureau of American Ethnology and of the Department of Anthropology of the United States National Museum. In his address as president of the Anthropological Society of Washing- ton, delivered on February 11, 1902, entitled "A Sketch of the Origin, Development, and Probable Destiny of the Races of Men," after demonstrating by a series of admirably selected and arranged views of the principal types of mankind, and also of the three great simian types that most closely approach the human form, that man belongs to a single species, and that all human races resemble one another so closely as to constitute a practical unit from a biological point of view, he proceeded to work out the theoretical origin and divergence of the human races. His address contains many ingenious illustrations to this end, but I shall use only one of his figures with his explanation of it, as follows :

I wish now to combine in a single diagram (K) a summary of my concep- tion of the development of the species and the races from the period of specialization of the anthropoids up to the present time. The side lines in this diagram stand for the limits of the world within which the branching tree of the Hominidce (A) springs up. The horizontal lines connecting across mark the periods by means of which we separate the stages of development.