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 110 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY

member of the class will make a special investigation of an assigned topic. Thirty- six hours.

26. The economic systems of classical antiquity. A critical study is made of the political and social institutions of Greece and Rome. The lectures treat of the income land expenditure of the state, the currency, credit instruments, poor-relief, slavery and tenure, commerce, trade regulations, marriage institutions, etc. Thirty-six hours.,

MR. ROBINSON.

28. Municipal politics. A study of the organization of the modern municipality its practical workings and its problems ; its relation to the state, to the individual, and to industrial activity. In connection with the general treatment of the subject a special study will be made of the organization, administration, and working of typical municipalities, both American and European. Seventy-two hours.

29. Industrial combinations. A study of the modern tendency toward the con- centration of interests in trade, transportation, and industry; the forms of industrial organization ; the relation of aggregated capital to investors, wage-earners, competi- tors, and consumers ; the various plans for regulating and controlling capitalistic monopolies. Lectures, readings, and the preparation of theses on the development of characteristic combinations. Seventy-two hours.

2Qa. Industrial policy. A historical and critical study of the state in its relation to industrial activity. The experience of modern states in the regulation, control, and operation of industry, together with an investigation of the results of municipal ownership of public utilities. Seventy-two hours.

DR. BLACKMAN.

30. Social philosophy. The principal sociological writers are classified in " schools," and their points of view and methods are compared and contrasted ; (a) contractual (Rousseau); (6) positivist (ComteV, (c) evolutionary (Herbert Spencer, Drummond); (d) biological (Schaffle, Worms); (e) psychological (Tarde, Le Bon> Simmel, Giddings, Baldwin, Izoulet); (f) group-wise, observational statistical (Gum- plowicz, Le Play, Quetelet); theocratic (Old Testament); (A) Christian. Thirty- six hours.

30a. Practical sociology. This course includes the following topics : the four fundamental and perduring social institutions family, church, state, and property; the negro ; the immigrant ; the city; the wage and factory system ; and the defective, dependentvivious, and criminal classes (charities and corrections). The lectures are supplemented, and book reviews by the students. A visit of two or three days to the charity and correctional institutions of New York, for which careful preparation is made in advance, and which furnishes topics and illustrations for subsequent discus- sions in the class-room, will probably be made, as heretofore. Seventy-two hours.

30b. Anarchism, socialism, and communism. This course is a study of definitions, historical developments, principles, and programs. Books, pamphlets, manifestoes, and party platforms are read, as far as possible in the original language, and reported upon for the discussion before the class. Special attention will be paid to anarchism this year. Thirty-six hours.

30C. Social ideals in modern English poetry. Dowden's French Revolution and English Literature and Scudder's Social Ideals in English Letters will be read as text-books, and portions of Coleridge, Wordsworth, Shelley, Byron, Burns, Tennyson, Browning, Lowell, and Whitman will be read and discussed. Thirty-six hours.