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 274 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY

most important service in preparing the contents of these volumes for the press. The material has been presented under the group titles : Finance and Taxation, Money and Bimetallism, Economic Theory, Statistics, National Growth, and Social Economics. In this collection, with the bibliography of Mr. Walker's writings published by the American Statistical Association (Vol. 5, 1897, pp. 276-90), students now have access to the best work upon social subjects by one of the most virile thinkers that our country has produced.

To the sociologist General Walker is most interesting as a prac- tical demonstration that pure economics cannot satisfy a man who is intensely devoted to reality. No economist has more boldly defined political economy as an abstraction. Few economists have more frankly abandoned pure economics when facing real issues. General Walker apparently paid little attention to the development of socio- logical forms of thought, but, like John Stuart Mill, he gave in himself the surest proof that economic theory cannot long satisfy the best minds unless it can find itself in correlation with the larger theory which formulates all the relations from which the economic abstraction is drawn. General Walker did not think under technical sociological categories. He none the less manifested the instinct that those cate- gories are needed which the sociologists are trying to elaborate. All his discussions of concrete questions are in the sociological spirit. This is illustrated particularly in the papers placed under the head " Social Economics." The breadth and catholicity of General Walker's views require excursions beyond the limits of pure economics in dealing with almost every question that he approaches. Students who follow General Walker's discussions must necessarily strengthen the demand for sociological research.

A. W. S.

The Criminal. By AUGUST DRAHMS. With an Introduction by Cesare Lombroso. New York : The Macmillan Co., 1900. Pp. xiv + 402. $2.

THE author is chaplain of the San Quentin prison, California, and his personal observations have been made more valuable by a study of the literature of criminology. A brief outline of the historical phases of crime and punishment is followed by a discussion of the theory of a " criminal type," with a conclusion in the negative. After stating several classi- fications of criminals, Mr. Drahms adopts the threefold division of instinctive and habitual criminals and the single offender. The