Page:American Journal of Sociology Volume 4.djvu/241

 POLITICS IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, 223

for applications contains a long list of questions, but no reference whatever to political affiliations.

The reply to this question by Alexander Johnson, superintendent of the School for Feeble-Minded Youth, is as follows :

The custom governing appointments has been to consider solely personal merit and fitness for the place. The judge of this merit and fitness has been the superintendent. Having complete authority gives him so deep a sense of responsibility that it is extremely unlikely any consideration but the good of the state, as represented by the best possible conduct of the institution, should govern him.

While fully believing in the method of competitive examination, wherever possible, so far this has not seemed practicable in this institution. In the peculiar work which we have to do, the personal equation is of so much value that it seems difficult to devise a theory of examination which would result in giving us the help we need. Practically, we employ our help in extremely subordinate positions to begin with, and promote those who prove themselves fit in the most severe of competitive examinations, namely, that of a close oversight of their daily work and conduct.

In the Reform School for Boys "merit alone is the basis of appointment to positions, and merit alone as to the tenure of such employment."

The practice in these matters at the Eastern Hospital for the Insane is admirably described as follows, by the superintendent :

The medical superintendent appoints all subordinates, assigns them to duty, and reports his action at the next regular meeting of the board of trus- tees for confirmation. An applicant applies to the medical superintendent and is furnished with a form of application, which must be filled in his own handwriting. From the references furnished, cotifidential inquiries are made concerning the applicant's character, habits, and qualifications. General let- ters of recommendation or petitions are not considered. Personal interviews are requested and usually obtained. When a vacancy occurs, if it cannot be filled by a promotion, the applications are examined and the applicant appearing best qualified for the position is selected. This selection is made without regard to the time of filing the application and without any limita- tion whatever, except a preference for residents of the state. If, however, a non-resident has the highest qualifications, he is appointed.

A member of the board of trustees under no circumstances indorses an application for employment.

Promotions are made whenever practicable. It is always preferred to fill the higher positions from members of the service, and thereby recognize faithfulness and efficiency.

Nepotism and favoritism are forbidden. '