Page:American Journal of Sociology Volume 3.djvu/608

594 From this sheet we pass to solid forms drawn singly and ensemble, followed by shading. Later, vase forms and floral sketches, fruits, vegetables, and combinations of these.

I consider free-hand drawing for members of this group one of our best subjects, as it awakens interest in form, symmetry, and suggestive decorations; and, further, it appeals to the imagination, which finds expression through free-hand sketching. We do not employ rules or mechanical guides of any kind; the object is to train the eye to discriminate between the disordered lines and the orderly; to regulate the hand movements by depending upon mind impressions as transmitted through the optic nerve to the brain. Thus we have mental quickening through free-hand drawing.

Sloyd class.—We show in No. 22 (p. 593) a model used in Group I, mathematical defectives. At the top left corner is a photograph showing the completed frame. At the top right is the free-hand drawing made from looking at a frame already constructed. In the lower view is the mechanical drawing representing the orthographic projections of elevation and section, also an isometric view of one of the corners showing the method of lapping the joint. The pupil, having made the free-hand sketch and a mechanical drawing, is supplied with stock in the rough, larger in size than the finished pieces as assembled. The pieces and joints are formed with jack-plane, square, gauge, buck-saw, and block-plane.

Here is introduced division of fractions, to find the half of three-eighths of an inch, and have the ends project one inch in both directions over the place of union. A process in addition, then subtraction, must be performed, since, if it projects 1 inch on each end and it is 2 inches on both, then 2 inches from 10 inches leave 8 inches, which is the distance from outside to outside of the shorter pieces. If these operations have been well performed, the two pieces match evenly in direction of their thickness and fit the size of the frame.

Next is the operation of putting in a back to the frame. This must be planed to the thickness of ⅛ of an inch, secured by screws equally spaced in two beveled strips, which bevel