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102 Finds physical weakness to be the most important cause of dependence. The book as a whole is an epoch-making work in this line of social investigation.

Davenport, Outlines of Economic Theory (New York, Macmillan, 1896), ch. 22.

De Laveleye, Luxury (London, Swan, 1891).

George, Progress of Poverty.

Denies Malthusianism and argues that lack of land and natural opportunities is the cause of poverty.

Goddard, Poverty, its Genesis and Exodus (London, Swan, 1892).

Goddard, Davenport and De Laveleye condemn luxury as a cause of poverty.

Graham, The Social Problem (London, Kegan Paul, 1886), bk. i and bk. iii, ch. i.

Denies that luxury is a cause and makes the point that present wretchedness of the poor is not absolute but comparative.

Hobson, Problems of Poverty, ch. 9.

Accepts Booth's figures and concludes that lack of employment at repectablerespectable [sic] wages is the prime cause.

Malthus, On Population.

Tendency of population to increase faster than subsistence, pointed out by Malthus, is the classical theory for the cause of poverty.

2. Special reports from two or three members on the History and Conditions of Chosen Families among the Poor.

Follow the method of study suggested in this paper. For additional assistance see Dr. Henderson's Catechism for Social Observation.

3. General discussion.

1. General topic: The Family.

References:

Brace, Gesta Christi (New York, Armstrong, 1893).

Especially valuable as showing the influence of Christianity on the family.

De Coulanges, Ancient City (Boston, Lee, 1896), bk. ii.

An interesting study of the family in Greek and Roman times.

Letourneau, Evolution of Marriage (New York, Scribners, 1895).

Comparative anthropological study, discussing more fully sexual relations in general.

McLennan, Primitive Marriage (Edinburgh, Block, 1865).

One of the most important of the original investigations as to early marriage; maintains the principle of Mutterrecht.