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 REVIEWS 113

the emigrant nobles the Revolution restored the small bourgeoisie and the people of the country to the proprietorship of the soil. Thus it was by the fall of the nobility that the tenant copyholder came again into the free possession of lands of which he did not have the use for a long time.

This study by Kovalewsky constitutes for the modern student of the economic and social conditions of France an admirable source of information supplementing the well-known report of Arthur Young's travels through France on the eve of the Revc^- lution. /

Isaac A. Loos

State University of Iowa

Lectures on the Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century in England. By Arnold Toynbee. New Edition, together with a Reminiscence by Lord Milner. . London: Long- mans, Green & Co., 1908 Price, $2.52.

This edition of Toynbee's Industrial Revolution is practically the same as that which has been before the public for a number of years. The publishers of the present edition state that the text is reprinted from the second edition of 1901. There is nothing new in it except the reminiscence by Lord Milner. This reminiscence was written as an address to the members of Toynbee Hall and delivered at that place in November, 1894. Though a few years older than Toynbee, Lord Milner and Toynbee were on terms of intimate friendship during several years of their life at Oxford. Milner recites how Toynbee, though not an honor student on account of his ill-health, was given an appointment to a lectureship immediately after his graduation through the influence of Jowett.

One may venture to call attention again to the extraordinary prescience of the popular addresses, notes, and other fragments of the late Arnold Toynbee which were collected by his widow with the aid of two distinguished students of Toynbee, viz., Mr. W. J. Ashley, now Professor Ashley of Birmingham University, and Mr. Bolton King of Balliol College. The greater portion of the book is made up of outline notes of a course of lectures delivered by Toynbee between October, 1881, and May, 1882, "On the Eco- nomic History of England from 1760 to 1840." These notes were given, subsequent to their delivery, the happy title of The Indus-