Page:American Journal of Sociology Volume 1.djvu/367

Rh subjects show man in action under this law of self-realization through self-activity, but these two subjects are based on a direct consciousness of the law, and are phases of man's direct and conscious effort to a higher life.

These subjects are alike, then, in that both deal with a conscious striving to the same end. Sociological and pedagogical ideals are the same, and it is alike the duty of both to reveal to man his ideal possibilities, and to stimulate to them as the goal of his ambition. And now let it be noted that these subjects are alike not only in the end set up, but in the fundamental conception of the means used. While man moves to self-realization under the sway of ideals, he does so by unity with the thought and spirit of the world objective to himself. Man is educated through his environment, for this environment is his other, his unrealized, self. While the tension of life is between the real and the ideal self, when interpreted it means the tension between the present self and the world lying beyond the present self, for the ideal self is the life and truth of the world not yet brought into the experience of the present self. The present self and the objective world are the two organic elements of the true self. The hand is not a hand except in and through vital unity with the body. There is no such thing as a hand in itself, and no such thing as this self without another self. All that is subjective in the individual he strives to make objective, and all that is objective he strives to make subjective. Both sociology and pedagogy are based on the distinct recognition of this organic unity of consciousness—on this form of the life tension. Both consider the individual in process of development through his environment. But in this we come upon a difference.

Pedagogy considers how man is developed through his total environment of man and nature, while sociology considers only the relation of the individual to his social environment. While pedagogy is based on the relation of the individual to his objective and universal self, sociology is based on the relation of the individual to the institutions of society as the projected