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 372 Revinvs of Books Philadelphia ;" thirdly, a lively sketch of the vagaries of Fanny Wright, and, finally, the origins of the anti -Masonic party in New York. The story of Morgan and anti -Masonry is out of place in such a chapter, for anti-Masonry was not socialistic or industrial in character. Anti- Masonry should find a place in the analysis of the political forces that made up the Adams or National Republican party, or in the story of the origins of the Whig party. In a chapter entitled " The State of the Country from 1825 to 1829," the development of municipal government, trade and commerce is con- sidered chiefly with reference to New York and Philadelphia, and then the story of coal-mines, canals, and pike-roads leads naturally to the ever interesting account of the social and industrial conditions in the Ohio and Mississippi valleys. The only defect in this sketch is its brevity. This making of a nation out of chaos is exactly what Professor McMaster started to depict and exactly what his readers want to see. He paints these pictures with a spirit that shows his powers of description at their best and fortunately he enjoys a ready sympathy for the abundant humors of the processes of social creation. When John Reynolds held his first court among the people who were his old neighbors, the sheriff sat astride of a bench and opened court with the words, " Boys, the Court is now open. John is on the bench." " Judge," said the foreman of a hung jury, " this is the difficulty : the jury want to know whether what you told us when we first went out really was the law, or whether it was only just your notion." " On one occasion the treasurer of the State of Illinois, after a pro- tracted struggle in the Legislature, failed of re-election. But the vote had scarcely been counted when he entered the chamber, took off his coat, and soundly thrashed, one by one, four men who had voted against him. Both friends and opponents considered this as no more than the occasion required, and he was promptly made Clerk of the Circuit Court. ' ' In Chapter XLV. " The Negro Problem " introduces the American Colonization Society, founded in 18 16, followed by the story of early abolition societies, the career of Benjamin Lundy and the enlistment of William Lloyd Garrison in the anti-slavery cause. Out of loi anti- slavery societies existing in 1826, 77 were in the slaveholding border states. The fact that nearly 1000 Abolition votes were cast in the city of Baltimore, presumably chiefly by Quakers, explains why Lundy and Garrison chose to work in that city. " The Industrial Revolution " is the name given to ,the history of the rise and triumph of protectionist sentiment in the tariffs of 1824 and 1828. Two chapters are assigned to the literary history of the period. One chapter is almost entirely filled with the diatribes against us that ap- ])eared in the English quarterly reviews from 1814 to 1828, surely a disproportionate allotment of space in Professor Mc Master's work, even if the readers of those reviews did not make a similar complaint. Some of the jibes of the Britons are justified by the extraordinary announce- ment of a Boston contemporary of the Quarterly, called The Emerald.