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 Nielsen: Papacy in the XlXtli Century -Xill and the consequent dispersion of the 'endean army compelled the Talour family to separate for safety. Cartrie and one of his sons passed the winter secreted in the forest adjoining his estate and supported by his faithful adherents, but on February 2j they set out to reach the eastern frontier. Though it seems incredible that the journey could have been successfully accomplished, the son found safety by enlisting at Thion- ville, and the father ultimately escaped across the border on April 2-j, 1794. The penniless emigre found helpful friends and so made his way to England, where he joined the corps of emigres who made the unfortu- nate expedition to Quiberon. Again he escaped, and after five years spent in poverty near Southampton, he was seeking permission from the First Consul to rejoin his family on his estate when the narrative closes. It is known that he did return and that he failed to obtain a pension at the Restoration. He is last heard of at Le Mans on August 30, 1824. The memoirs are published from an English translation of the lost French original made by an unknown hand about 1824. The his- tory of the manuscript is also a mystery. It is first reported in the possession of Isaac Latimer, editor of the Western Daily Mercury. whose daughter sold it to Mr. Iredale, the Torquay bookseller. Mr. Lane acquired it from him in October, 1904, and, after preparing the narrative for publication, deposited the manuscript in the British Mu- seum. M. Pichot, the editor of the Revue Britannique, took an en- thusiastic interest in the editing of the narrative and has prepared a French translation. M. Masson's introduction sets forth in a stimu- lating fashion some novel views of the Revolution. The book also con- tains a fascinating account of AL Pichot's work as editor, the trans- lator's original preface, some valuable notes, a score of admirably chosen illustrations, a detailed table of contents, and a good index. Cartrie's narrative is thrilling; M. Pichot's editing almost perfect: and Mr. Lane's book-making very attractive. George M. Butcher. The History of the Papacy in the XlXth Century. By Dr. Fredrik Nielsen, Bishop of .alborg, and formerly Professor of Eccle- siastical History in the University of Copenhagen. Translated under the direction of Arthur James M.a.son, D.D., Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge. (London: John Murray; New York: E. P. Button and Companv. 1906. Two vols., pp. xiii, 378; 481.) There was great need of a history of the papacy in the nineteenth century. Church historians are too apt to think of the Council of Trent as the end of all things, and hardly realize that the twenty-five years that followed the election of Pius IX. are among the most momentous in the whole history of the papacy. For this, if for no other reason, the work of the Bishop of Aalborg' justifies its translation into English. ' Since translated to Aarhuus.