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 Amherst embassy, 110; invited to come to China by D. W. C. Olyphant, 137.

Morrison, The, voyage of, to Japan (1837), 137.

Morton, Oliver P., chairman of committee of Congress on Chinese immigration, 286; death of, and report in favor of Chinese immigration, 289.

Muscat, Roberts sent on mission to, 46; extent of sultanate of, 51; reception of Roberts at, 52; treaty of United States with, 52; letter of sultan of, to President, 53.

Mutsu, Count, one of Japanese peace commissioners at Shimonoseki, 340.

Mutsuhito, becomes Mikado, 199.

Nagasaki, location of Dutch factory, 11; Preble enters harbor of (1849), 144.

Nanking, capture of, by Taipings, 208; Roberts visits Taiping court at, 210.

Napier, Lord, chief superintendent of British trade in China, 57; attempts to communicate with Chinese officials at Canton, 58; governor's letter refusing to receive, 59; requested to withdraw to Macao, 60; communications of, with Chinese governor, 61; withdraws from Canton, 62; illness and death of, at Macao, 62.

Naval officers, relations between diplomatic officers and, 207.

Nevius, Dr., on the Opium War, 73.

Northwest coast, American trade between China and, 31; American ships on, 99.

Okuba, vice-ambassador of Iwakura embassy, 345.

Okuma, Count, succeeds Inouye as minister of foreign affairs of Japan, 359; opinion of future of Japan, 436.

Olyphant & Co., send vessel to Japan, 137.

Olyphant, D. W. C, American merchant at Canton, 137.

"Open Door" policy, Secretary Hay's circular note in favor of, in China, 432.

Opium, Chinese on use of, 65; delivered by British superintendent to Chinese, 69; seized and destroyed by Chinese, 70.

Opium trade, commencement of, in China, 64; imperial edict (1796) against, 65; illicit, in China, 66; large increase in, 66; large profits from, 66; increased efforts of Chinese to suppress, 67; increase of illicit, 67; Lin, Chinese commissioner to suppress, 68; stringent prohibitions against, 68; Chinese close foreign factories to stop, 69; not adjusted by Anglo-Chinese treaty (1842), 71; United States by treaty with China prohibits, 295; communication of W. N. Pethick on, 295; Great Britain declines to entertain proposal of China to prohibit, 297; Li Hung Chang's letter regarding, 297; opposition of United States to, 298; Lord Elgin opposes prohibition clause in United States treaty of 1858, 299.

Opium War, causes of, 64; course of, 70; moral aspects of, 72.

Pacific Ocean, European occupation of islands of, 26; whale fishery in, 104; Seward's prophecy as to importance of, 135.

Pacific Railroad, Chinese laborers work on, 283.

Pago Pago Harbor, cession of, by Samoa to United States not acted on by Senate, 388; Tutuila, in which is, transferred to United States, 397.

Palmerston, Lord, on ultimate annexation of Hawaii to United States, 368.

Panama, Isthmus of, bulwark of China and Japan, 133.

Parker, Dr. Peter, urges in 1841 sending minister to China, 77; secretary of Cushing embassy, 79; on Morrison's voyage to Japan, 138; reports harsh treatment of shipwrecked Americans in Japan, 144; chargé d'affaires of United States in China, 205; again becomes chargé, 219; visits United States, 221; appointed commissioner to China, 221; indignation at Yeh in avoiding interview, 221; plan of, to avoid war in China, 229; retires as minister to China, 230; life of, after retirement, 230; McCulloch's opinion of, 230.

Paulet, Lord George, threatens Hawaiian independence, 124; compels cession of Hawaiian Islands to Great Britain, 125.

Pearl Harbor, transferred by Hawaii to United States for a naval station, 371; protest of British minister