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 copy of the treaty was carried to the sacred city of Nikko and laid upon the tomb of the founder of the Shogunate, in the hope that some revelation might come from the spirit-land. It was likewise submitted to the Mikado's court without avail. After all his labors, Harris began to fear that his work would come to naught, and in his intense anxiety he fell ill, which enabled the court of Yedo to show its tender regard for him in the healing services of its physician.

Two concurrent events at last led to the consummation of his ardent hopes. Prince Ii-Kamon, a man of resolute character and one who foresaw the future, became chief minister of state. The war which England and France were waging against China seemed to be nearing its close, and the great armaments employed in Chinese waters would be free to come to Japan with their ambassadors to dictate treaties. Mr. Harris made the most of the situation, and urged the Japanese to act promptly and thereby "save the point of honor that might arise from their apparently yielding to the force that backs the plenipotentiary, and not to the justice of his demands." Prince Ii put aside all opposition and directed the Harris treaty to be signed. The American, without the aid of ships of war, had fought his diplomatic battle single-handed, and had won. When the experienced British, French, and Russian ambassadors sailed into the Bay of Yedo, escorted by mighty fleets, they found the arduous part of their task already accomplished.

The treaty, signed July 29, 1858, provided for diplomatic agents to reside at the capital, and consuls at all