Page:American Anthropologist NS vol. 22.djvu/164

 152 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [N. s., 22, 1920

culture groups mentioned therein, the writer wishes to offer for discussion what Professor Mills has considered the Adena subgroup of the Hopewell culture, and another, not heretofore specified the Algonquian prehistoric culture. The proposed groups, then, are as follows: The Fort Ancient; the Hopewell; the Adena sub- group; the Stone Grave culture; the Iroquoian; the Glacial Kame, and the Algonquian group.

THE FORT ANCIENT CULTURE

Although the dominant one of several culture groups of the Ohio area and more extensive in its distribution than any other, the Fort Ancient culture was not the first to be recognized by writers and explorers. From the time of Atwater and Squier and Davis down to the closing quarter of the past century, the more striking archaeology of the Hopewell group practically monopolized atten- tion, until the explorations of Putnam at the Madisonville site 1 and those of Moorehead at Fort Ancient, 2 directed attention to the importance of the culture represented thereat. For another quarter- century the Fort Ancient group continued to be identified exclusively with the Miami valley, where the above-mentioned sites are located. In recent years, however, the work of Professor Mills at such impor- tant sites as the Gartner Mound and Village and the Baum Village 3 in Ross county, and the Feurt Mounds and Village 4 in Scioto county, has demonstrated that the Scioto valley was equally fre- quented, if not more so, by this group. Across the Ohio in West Virginia and Kentucky, and lower down the river, particularly at Lawrenceburg and Aurora, Indiana, are to be found the sites of villages of this culture. The site examined by Smith in Mason county, Kentucky, 5 the only one of the group outside Ohio to be thoroughly explored, is similar in every respect to the Feurt site and, with some minor exceptions, to those in Ross county.

The full extent of the area of Fort Ancient occupation has not

1 Low: Pts. 1-4.

2 Moorehead (i).

3 Mills (3).

4 Mills (6).

5 Smith.

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