Page:American Anthropologist NS vol. 1.djvu/606

 fkwkes] THE ALdSAKA CULT OF THE HOP! INDIANS 543

This is also in accordance with tradition, for the Honani clans, which introduced the katcina cult from Kicuba, went first to Oraibi, from which pueblo the cult was distributed to the other pueblos. The Walpi katcina altar is simple as compared with that at Oraibi ; it has no figurines because it is derivative, and the same fact may explain why Walpi has but one Powamu* altar while Oraibi has several. The Walpi katcina altar is simpler than that of Oraibi, 1 because derivative, but the katcina personations in this pueblo are more numerous and varied because the Asa and other Tanoan clans have contributed many new forms.

If we separate from the Walpi Powamfi the elements intro- duced by Asa and Hano clans, we find in it the same personages as in the Oraibi celebration — Ahole, a Sun-god who flogs the children; the katcina cultus hero; Hahaiwuqti y the old woman, and Eototo. The last mentioned, a cultus hero of the Kokop peo- ple and a tutelary god of Sikyatki, 8 was an early addition to the Walpi ritual before the Powamil was celebrated. He was histori- cally the first katcina to come to the pueblo, as he now leads the procession of masked priests in their dramatization of their advent and exit. Under the name Masauuh he invaded the Snake rites, and as Eototo he became a masked personage in the Powamfi and the Nimdn when these ceremonies were added to

the Walpi ritual.

Conclusions

i. There survives in the Hopi ritual a worship of horned

beings called Aldsakas, which once existed at the now ruined

pueblo of Awatobi.

1 It is much to be hoped that the very elaborate Powamil of Oraibi will be accurately described in detail. The indications are that it will be found to be the most instructive of all presentations of this ceremony.

Walpi. The tutelary god was Eototo, or Alasauuh, whom the early Walpians over- threw and who gave them the site for their pueblo. At the destruction of Sikyatki by the combined Horn-Snake and Horn-Flute people, some of the survivors settled at Walpi, and their descendants are intimately connected with the Eototo cult which is incorporated in the katcinas. In the celebration of the Snake- Antelope ceremony he is known by the name of Masauuh, and a prayer-stick is made and consecrated to him at that time.
 * Sikyatki was probably a flourishing pueblo when the Snake people first settled

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