Page:American Anthropologist NS vol. 1.djvu/598

 fewkes] THE ALdSAKA CULT OF THE HOPI INDIANS 535

crown of the head, but instead of sagittaform marks on the forehead there is a colored band from ear to ear across the face, as shown in plate XXVI, d.

It is probable that these horned gods have close kinship and are possibly identical, Ahole being simply a name of the personifi- cation by a masked man, and Tunwup that of the picture of the same on the altar. The horned Aldsaka does not belong to this type of horned '* gods," although it has two horns on the head both in graven images and in pictures.

Myths of Al6saka

It will be seen from the preceding account that the Aldsaka rites are well developed in the ceremonies of the New-fire and Winter Solstice, in which the clans from the south who joined the Hopi are well represented, or in which religious societies and ceremonial paraphernalia brought by the Patun, Piba, Pdtki, and related clans have preeminence. Study of the Aldsaka myths reveals an explanation of the meaning of this relationship.

During his valuable studies among the Hopi, the late A. M. Stephen obtained an Aldsaka legend which is recorded in his notes on the Keam collection, and is here quoted with explana- tions obtained by the author since Mr Stephen's death.

" At the Red House in the south ' internecine wars prevailed, and the two branches of the Pdtki* people separated from the other Hopi and determined to return to the fatherland in the north. 3 But these two branches were not on the best of terms, and they traveled northward by separate routes, the [later settlers ofj Micoftinovi 4 holding to the east of the [later settlers ofJWalpi.

��1 Palatkwabi, a legendary home on the Gila. • Probably the Squash and Rain-cloud clans.

��:1 Even the southern clans are supposed to have originally emerged from the under- world through the Grand canyon, but after their emergence drifted into the south, just as the white men, who are said to have emerged from the same place, went to the far east.

4 This indicates that the two groups referred to were the Squash and Rain-cloud clans, for the former later settled on the Middle Mesa and the latter joined the Snake people at Walpi.

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