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 49° AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 0*. s., i. 1899

bine their limited wealth together with their common labor. Perhaps they employ assistance, but such assistance is ancillary to the object of the corporation. No further description is needed to set forth the nature of partnership corporations.

Creative Corporations. — The third class of corporations we shall call creative corporations. Here capital in larger quantities is or- ganized, and the company to operate the enterprise is organized, and the employees or laborers are organized, every one to accom- plish some particular part of the work. It may be that a factory is built for the purpose of manufacturing shoes; in it there are many machines, each operated by a special expert, and all the operations are supervised by a foreman, or there may be a fore- man and his assistant foreman. Modern industries present many illustrations of these creative corporations. First, there is an organization of capital ; second, there is an organization of ma- chinery ; and, third, there is an organization of labor. This complicated organization I call a creative corporation.

Creative organizations have the effect to instigate the laborers to organize societies which are known as trade unions, of which something more hereafter. When employers organize, employees organize. Thus power offsets power.

Investing Corporations. — We have seen how capital becomes investment. Investment is for interest. But there comes at last a stage in which the investors themselves organize as stock com- panies, not for the purpose of operating industries, but solely for the purpose of investing, while other corporations carry on the operations. These I call investing corporations. They might, perhaps, just as well be called stock corporations.

Societies. — We next come to that class of corporations to which endowments pertain ; these are usually called societies.

Corporations Sub-classified

It is manifest that each group of corporations which we have hitherto defined may be classified by the pentalogic qualities as

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